UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
NORTHERN DISTRICT OF OHIO
EASTERN DIVISION
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
v.
POOL FISH DISTRIBUTORS, INC.
Defendant.
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Criminal No. 1:04 CR 521
Filed: December 2, 2004
Violation: 18 U.S.C. § 1512(c)(2)
STATUTORY MAXIMUM FINE: $500,000
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PLEA AGREEMENT
The United States of America and POOL FISH DISTRIBUTORS, INC.
("defendant"), a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of
Arkansas, hereby enters into the following Plea Agreement pursuant to Rule
11(c)(1)(C) of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure ("Fed. R. Crim. P."):
RIGHTS OF DEFENDANT
1. The defendant understands its rights:
| (a) | to be represented by an attorney;
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| (b) | to be charged by Indictment;
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| (c) | to plead not guilty to any criminal charge brought against it;
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| (d) | to have a trial by jury, at which it would be presumed not guilty
of the charge and the United States would have to prove every essential
element of the charged offense beyond a reasonable doubt for it to be found
guilty;
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| (e) | to confront and cross-examine witnesses against it and to
subpoena witnesses in its defense at trial;
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| (f) | to appeal its conviction if it is found guilty; and
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| (g) | to appeal the imposition of sentence against it.
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AGREEMENT TO PLEAD GUILTY
AND WAIVE CERTAIN RIGHTS
2. The defendant waives the rights set out in Paragraph 1(b)-(g) above
and all jurisdictional defenses to the prosecution of this case, including any defense
based on a lack of venue in this District, and agrees voluntarily to consent to the
jurisdiction of the United States to prosecute this case against it in the United
States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio. The defendant also waives
the right to appeal the imposition of sentence against it, so long as the sentence
imposed is consistent with the recommendation in Paragraph 8 of this Plea
Agreement. The defendant agrees to have its sentence determined under the
United States Sentencing Guidelines ("U.S.S.G.") and waives all constitutional
challenges to the validity of the U.S.S.G., though both parties understand that
U.S.S.G. § 8C2.1, which applies to corporations, does not include 18 U.S.C. §
1512(c)(2) as an offense to which it applies. The defendant agrees that facts that
determine its fine range will be found by the court at sentencing by a
preponderance of the evidence and that the court may consider any reliable
evidence, including hearsay, in making such determinations. Nothing in this
paragraph, however, shall act as a bar to the defendant perfecting any legal
remedies it may otherwise have on appeal or collateral attack respecting claims of
ineffective assistance of counsel or prosecutorial misconduct. Further, pursuant to
Fed. R. Crim. P. 7(b), the defendant will waive indictment and plead guilty at
arraignment to a one-count Information to be filed in the United States District
Court for the Northern District of Ohio. The Information will charge the defendant
with obstruction of justice in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1512(c)(2) for corruptly
obstructing or impeding an official proceeding, specifically a grand jury in the
Northern District of Ohio which is investigating allegations of price-fixing, market
allocation and other violations of federal law arising in the feeder-goldfish industry.
3. The defendant, pursuant to the terms of this Plea Agreement, will
plead guilty to the criminal charge described in Paragraph 2 above and will make a
factual admission of guilt to the Court in accordance with Fed. R. Crim. P. 11, as set
forth in Paragraph 4 below.
FACTUAL BASIS FOR OFFENSE CHARGED
4. Had this case gone to trial, the parties stipulate that the government
would be able to prove the following facts beyond a reasonable doubt: :
| (a) | At least as early as September 1997 and continuing until at
least May 2004, POOL FISH DISTRIBUTORS was a
corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of
Arkansas with its principal place of business in Lonoke,
Arkansas; and during this time, POOL FISH DISTRIBUTORS
produced, distributed and sold feeder goldfish throughout the
United States. Feeder-goldfish are fed to other fish for food;
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| (b) | In or about June 2002, a federal grand jury sitting in the
Eastern District of Michigan and investigating a conspiracy to
commit wire fraud and mail fraud by an executive of an audio-visual company in Troy, Michigan issued a subpoena duces
tecum (subpoena 1) to POOL FISH DISTRIBUTORS;
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| (c) | In or about June 2003, a federal grand jury sitting in the
Eastern District of Arkansas and investigating allegations of
price-fixing and market allocation by producers and distributors
of feeder goldfish issued a second subpoena duces tecum
(subpoena 2) to POOL FISH DISTRIBUTORS;
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| (d) | In or about March 2004, a federal grand jury sitting in the
Northern District of Ohio and investigating allegations of price
fixing and market allocation by producers and distributors of
feeder goldfish issued a third subpoena duces tecum
(subpoena 3) to POOL FISH DISTRIBUTORS; and
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| (e) | Beginning at least as early as June 19, 2002 and continuing
thereafter until in or about May 2004, POOL FISH
DISTRIBUTORS, acting through its officers, agents, and
employees, did corruptly obstruct or impede an official
proceeding, namely a grand jury investigating a conspiracy to
commit wire fraud and mail fraud being conducted in the
Eastern District of Michigan; a grand jury investigating
allegations of price-fixing and market allocation by producers
and distributors of feeder goldfish being conducted in the
Eastern District of Arkansas; and a grand jury investigating
allegations of price fixing and market allocation by producers
and distributors of feeder goldfish being conducted in the
Northern District of Ohio in that:
| (i) | in June 2002, POOL FISH DISTRIBUTORS had material
documents in its possession that it intentionally and
corruptly did not provide to a grand jury sitting in the
Eastern District of Michigan, even though those
documents were required to be produced pursuant to
subpoena 1 and related to possible violations of the mail
and wire fraud statutes;
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| (ii) | in June 2003 and continuing until at least May 2004,
POOL FISH DISTRIBUTORS had material documents in
its possession that it intentionally and corruptly did not
provide to a grand jury sitting in the Eastern District of
Arkansas and a grand jury sitting in the Northern
District of Ohio, even though those documents were
required to be produced pursuant to subpoena 1,
subpoena 2 and subpoena 3, including additional material
documents related to allegations of price-fixing and
market allocation in the feeder-goldfish industry; and
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| (iii) | as a result of the intentional failure to provide the
documents called for by subpoena, the grand jury in the
Northern District of Ohio was obstructed or impeded from
investigating properly potential violations before one or
more violations became time-barred.
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POSSIBLE MAXIMUM SENTENCE
5. The defendant understands that the maximum penalty which may be
imposed against it upon conviction for a violation of Obstruction of Justice is a fine
of $500,000.
6. In addition, the defendant understands that:
| (a) | pursuant to § 8B1.1 of the United States Sentencing Guidelines
("U.S.S.G."), the Court may order it to pay restitution to any victim of the
offense;
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| (b) | pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3013(a)(2)(B) and U.S.S.G. § 8E1.1, the
Court is required to order the defendant to pay a $400 special assessment
upon conviction for the charged crime;
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| (c) | pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3561(c)(1), the Court may impose a
term of probation of at least one year, but not more than five years; and
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| (d) | pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 8B1.2, the Court may order the
defendant as a condition of probation to remedy the harm caused by the
offense and to eliminate or reduce the risk that the instant offense will cause
future harm.
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SENTENCING GUIDELINES
7. Sentencing for the offense to be charged will be conducted pursuant to
the U.S.S.G. Manual in effect on the day of sentencing, though both parties
understand that U.S.S.G. § 8C2.1, which applies to corporations, does not include
18 U.S.C. § 1512 as an offense to which it applies.
SENTENCING AGREEMENT
8. Pursuant to Fed. R. Crim. P. 11(c)(1)(C), the United States and the
defendant agree that the appropriate disposition of this case is, and agree to
recommend jointly that the Court impose, a sentence requiring the defendant to pay
to the United States a criminal fine between $150,000 and $250,000, to be
determined at the time of sentencing ("the recommended sentence"). Such fine will
be payable in two installments as set forth below with interest accruing under 18 U.S.C. § 3612(f)(1)-(2).
| (a) | The defendant will pay one-half of the recommended sentence on
or before the fifteenth (15th) day after the date of judgment and pay the
remainder of the judgment and all accrued interest on the first anniversary of
the date of judgment;
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| (b) | The defendant understands that the Court will order it to pay a
$400 special assessment, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3013(a)(2)(B) and U.S.S.G.
§ 8E1.1, in addition to any fine imposed;
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| (c) | The defendant understands that the United States will request
the Court to impose a term of probation, not to exceed three years, and that
the Court may in fact impose such a term of probation;
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| (d) | The defendant understands that the United States will request
the Court pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 8B1.2 to order that the defendant as a
condition of probation eliminate or reduce the risk that the offense will cause
future harm, including implementing an antitrust compliance policy; and
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| (e) | The United States and the defendant jointly submit that this
Plea Agreement, together with the record that will be created by the United
States and the defendant at the plea and sentencing hearings, and the
further disclosure described in Paragraph 9, will provide sufficient
information concerning the defendant, the crime charged in this case, and the
defendant's role in the crime to enable the meaningful exercise of sentencing
authority by the Court under 18 U.S.C. § 3553. The United States and
defendant agree to request jointly that the Court accept the defendant's
guilty plea and impose sentence on an expedited schedule as early as the date
of arraignment, based upon the record provided by the defendant and the
United States, under the provisions of Fed. R. Crim. P. 32(c)(1)(A)(ii),
U.S.S.G. § 6A1.1. The Court's denial of the request to impose sentence on an
expedited schedule will not void this Plea Agreement.
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9. Subject to the ongoing, full, and truthful cooperation of the defendant
and its related entities under common control, specifically POOL AIR FREIGHT,
INC., RONNIE POOL FISHERIES, INC., POOL FAMILY LIMITED
PARTNERSHIP, and POOL FISHERIES, INC., collectively known as "POOL
FISHERIES,"and before sentencing in the case, the United States will fully advise
the Court and the Probation Office of the fact, manner, and extent of the
defendant's cooperation and its commitment to prospective cooperation with the
United States' investigation and prosecutions, all material facts relating to the
defendant's involvement in the charged offense, and all other relevant conduct.
10. The United States and the defendant understand that the Court
retains complete discretion to accept or reject the recommended sentence provided
for in Paragraph 8 of this Plea Agreement.
| (a) | If the Court does not accept the recommended sentence, the United
States and the defendant agree that this Plea Agreement, except for
Paragraph 10(b) below, shall be rendered void. The defendant agrees,
however, that it may not withdraw from this Plea Agreement based on
the Court imposing a term of probation.
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| (b) | If the Court does not accept the recommended sentence, the defendant
will be free to withdraw its guilty plea (Fed. R. Crim. P. 11(c)(5) and
(d)). If the defendant withdraws its plea of guilty, this Plea
Agreement, the guilty plea, and any statement made in the course of
any proceedings under Fed. R. Crim. P. 11 regarding the guilty plea or
this Plea Agreement or made in the course of plea discussions with an
attorney for the government shall not be admissible against the
defendant in any criminal or civil proceeding, except as otherwise
provided in Fed. R. Evid. 410. In addition, the defendant agrees that,
if it withdraws its guilty plea pursuant to this subparagraph of the
Plea Agreement, the statute of limitations period for any offense
referred to in Paragraph 13 of this Plea Agreement will be tolled for
the period between the date of the signing of the Plea Agreement and
the date the defendant withdrew its guilty plea or for a period of sixty
(60) days after the date of the signing of the Plea Agreement,
whichever period is greater.
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DEFENDANT'S COOPERATION
11. The defendant and POOL FISHERIES, through their current or
former directors, officers, employees and agents, will cooperate fully and truthfully
with the United States in the prosecution of this case, the conduct of the current
federal investigation of violations of federal antitrust and related criminal laws
involving the production, distribution or sale of feeder goldfish, any other federal
investigation resulting therefrom, and any litigation or other proceedings arising or
resulting from any such investigation to which the United States is a party
("Federal Proceeding"). The ongoing, full, and truthful cooperation shall include,
but not be limited to:
| (a) | producing to the United States all documents, information, and
other materials, wherever located, in the possession, custody, or control of the
defendant and POOL FISHERIES, requested by the United States in
connection with any Federal Proceeding;
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| (b) | securing the ongoing, full, and truthful cooperation, as defined in Paragraph 12 of this Plea Agreement, of all current or former directors,
officers, employees, and agents of the defendant and POOL FISHERIES,
including making such persons available in Cleveland, Ohio and at other
mutually agreed-upon locations, at the defendant's expense, for interviews
and the provision of testimony in grand jury, trial, and other judicial
proceedings in connection with any Federal Proceeding.
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12. The ongoing, full, and truthful cooperation of each person described in
Paragraph 11(b) above will be subject to the procedures and protections of this
paragraph, and shall include, but not be limited to:
| (a) | producing in Cleveland, Ohio, and at other mutually agreed-upon locations all documents, including claimed personal documents, and
other materials, requested by attorneys and agents of the United States;
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| (b) | making himself or herself available for interviews in Cleveland,
Ohio and at other mutually agreed-upon locations, not at the expense of the
United States, upon the request of attorneys and agents of the United States;
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| (c) | responding fully and truthfully to all inquiries of the United
States in connection with any Federal Proceeding, without falsely implicating
any person or intentionally withholding any information, subject to the
penalties of making false statements (18 U.S.C. § 1001) and obstruction of
justice (18 U.S.C. §§ 1503, 1512(c));
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| (d) | otherwise voluntarily providing the United States with any
material or information not requested in (a) - (c) of this paragraph that he or
she may have that is related to any Federal Proceeding;
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| (e) | when called upon to do so by the United States in connection
with any Federal Proceeding, testifying in grand jury, trial, and other judicial
proceedings fully, truthfully, and under oath, subject to the penalties of
perjury (18 U.S.C. § 1621), making false statements or declarations in grand
jury or court proceedings (18 U.S.C. § 1623), contempt (18 U.S.C. §§ 401-402),
and obstruction of justice (18 U.S.C. §§ 1503, 1512(c)); and
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| (f) | agreeing that, if the agreement not to prosecute him or her in this Plea Agreement is rendered void under Paragraph 14(c), the
statute of limitations period for any Relevant Offense as defined in
Paragraph 14(a) will be tolled as to him or her for the period between the
date of the signing of this Plea Agreement and six (6) months after the date
that the United States gave notice of its intent to void its obligations to that
person under the Plea Agreement.
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GOVERNMENT'S AGREEMENT
13. Upon acceptance of the guilty plea called for by this Plea Agreement
and the imposition of the recommended sentence, and subject to the cooperation
requirements of Paragraph 11 of this Plea Agreement, the United States agrees
that it will not bring further criminal charges against the defendant or POOL
FISHERIES for any act or offense committed before the date of this Plea Agreement
that was undertaken in furtherance of any antitrust conspiracy, mail-fraud scheme
or wire-fraud scheme involving the production, distribution or sale of feeder
goldfish, or undertaken in connection with any investigation of such a conspiracy or
scheme. The nonprosecution terms of this paragraph do not apply to civil matters of
any kind, to any violation of the federal tax or securities laws, or to any crime of
violence.
14. The United States agrees to the following:
| (a) | Upon the Court's acceptance of the guilty plea called for by this
Plea Agreement and the imposition of the recommended sentence and subject
to the exceptions noted in Paragraph 14(c), the United States will not bring
criminal charges against any current or former director, officer, employee or
agent of the defendant or POOL FISHERIES for any act or offense committed
before the date of this Plea Agreement and while that person was acting as a
director, officer, employee or agent of the defendant or POOL FISHERIES
that was undertaken in furtherance of any antitrust conspiracy, mail-fraud
scheme or wire-fraud scheme involving the production, distribution or sale of
feeder goldfish, or undertaken in connection with any investigation of such a
conspiracy or scheme ("Relevant Offense");
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| (b) | Should the United States determine that any current or former
director, officer, employee or agent of the defendant or POOL FISHERIES
may have information relevant to any Federal Proceeding, the United States
may request that person's cooperation under the terms of this Plea
Agreement by written request delivered to counsel for the individual (with a
copy to the undersigned counsel for the defendant) or, if the individual is not
known by the United States to be represented, to the undersigned counsel for
the defendant;
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| (c) | If any person requested to provide cooperation under Paragraph
14(b) fails to comply with his or her obligations under Paragraph 12, then the
terms of this Plea Agreement as they pertain to that person, and the
agreement not to prosecute that person granted in this Plea Agreement, shall
be rendered void;
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| (d) | Except as provided in Paragraph 14(e), information provided by
a person described in Paragraph 14(b) to the United States under the terms
of this Plea Agreement pertaining to any Relevant Offense, or any
information directly or indirectly derived from that information, may not be
used against that person in a criminal case, except in a prosecution for
perjury (18 U.S.C. § 1621), making a false statement or declaration
(18 U.S.C. §§ 1001, 1623), or obstruction of justice (18 U.S.C. §§ 1503,
1512(c));
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| (e) | If any person who provides information to the United States
under this Plea Agreement fails to comply fully with his or her obligations
under Paragraph 12 of this Plea Agreement, the agreement in Paragraph
14(d) not to use that information or any information directly or indirectly
derived from it against that person in a criminal case shall be rendered void;
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| (f) | The nonprosecution terms of this paragraph do not apply to civil
matters of any kind, to any violation of the federal tax or securities laws, or
to any crime of violence; and
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| (g) | Documents provided under Paragraphs 11(a) and 12(a) shall be
deemed responsive to outstanding grand jury subpoenas issued to the
defendant.
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15. The defendant understands that it may be subject to administrative
action by federal or state agencies other than the United States Department of
Justice, Antitrust Division, based upon the conviction resulting from this Plea
Agreement, and that this Plea Agreement in no way controls whatever action, if
any, other agencies may take. However, the United States agrees that, if
requested, it will advise the appropriate officials of any governmental agency
considering such administrative action of the fact, manner, and extent of the
cooperation of the defendant as a matter for that agency to consider before
determining what administrative action, if any, to take.
REPRESENTATION BY COUNSEL
16. The defendant has been represented by counsel and is fully satisfied
that its attorney has provided competent legal representation. The defendant has
thoroughly reviewed this Plea Agreement and acknowledges that counsel has
advised it of the nature of the charge, any possible defenses to the charge, and the
nature and range of possible sentences.
VOLUNTARY PLEA
17. The defendant's decision to enter into this Plea Agreement and to
tender a plea of guilty is freely and voluntarily made and is not the result of force,
threats, assurances, promises, or representations other than the representations
contained in this Plea Agreement. The United States has made no promises or
representations to the defendant as to whether the Court will accept or reject the
recommendations contained within this Plea Agreement.
VIOLATION OF PLEA AGREEMENT
18. The defendant agrees that, should the United States determine in good
faith, during the period that any Federal Proceeding is pending, that the defendant
has failed to provide full and truthful cooperation, as described in Paragraph 11 of
this Plea Agreement, or has otherwise violated any provision of this Plea
Agreement, the United States will notify counsel for the defendant in writing by
personal or overnight delivery or facsimile transmission and may also notify counsel
by telephone of its intention to void any of its obligations under this Plea
Agreement (except its obligations under this paragraph), and the defendant shall be
subject to prosecution for any federal crime of which the United States has
knowledge including, but not limited to, the substantive offenses relating to the
investigation resulting in this Plea Agreement. The defendant agrees that, in the
event that the United States is released from its obligations under this Plea
Agreement and brings criminal charges against the defendant for any offense
referred to in Paragraph 13 of this Plea Agreement, the statute of limitations period
for such offense will be tolled for the period between the date of the signing of this
Plea Agreement and six (6) months after the date the United States gave notice of
its intent to void its obligations under this Plea Agreement.
19. The defendant understands and agrees that in any further prosecution of it resulting from the release of the United States from its obligations under this
Plea Agreement, because of the defendant's violation of the Plea Agreement, any documents, statements, information, testimony, or evidence provided by it or
current or former directors, officers, employees or agents to attorneys or agents of
the United States, federal grand juries, or courts, and any leads derived therefrom,
may be used against it in any such further prosecution. In addition, the defendant
unconditionally waives its right to challenge the use of such evidence in any such
further prosecution, notwithstanding the protections of Fed. R. Evid. 410.
ENTIRETY OF AGREEMENT
20. This Plea Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the
United States and the defendant concerning the disposition of the criminal charge
in this case. This Plea Agreement cannot be modified except in writing, signed by
the United States and the defendant.
21. The undersigned attorneys for the United States have been authorized by the Attorney General of the United States to enter this Plea Agreement on
behalf of the United States.
DATED: 10/14/04
By: _______________/s/________________
DANIEL LON POOL
President, Pool Fish Distributors, Inc.
By: _______________/s/________________
DAVID J. LAING
PLATO CACHERIS
Baker & McKenzie LLP
Counsel for the Defendant
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_______________/s/________________
KEVIN C. CULUM
[3460--MT]
_______________/s/________________
ANTOINETTE T. BACON
[474696--DC]
BRIAN J. STACK
[069796--OH]
Attorneys
Antitrust Division
U.S. Department of Justice
Plaza 9 Building
55 Erieview Plaza, Suite 700
Cleveland, OH 44114-1836
Telephone: (216) 522-4070
Fax: (216) 522-8332
E-mail: kevin.culum@usdoj.gov
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