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BARBARA J. NELSON (CSBN 87952)
BRIGID S. BIERMANN (CSBN 231705)
Antitrust Division
U.S. Department of Justice
450 Golden Gate Avenue
Box 36046, Room 10-0101
San Francisco, CA 94102
Telephone: (415) 436-6660
Facsimile: (415) 436-6687
Attorneys for the United States
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Original Filed March 16, 2005 |
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
SAN FRANCISCO DIVISION
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
v.
ZEON CHEMICALS L.P.,
Defendant.
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Case No. CR-05-0017 PJH
PLEA AGREEMENT
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PLEA AGREEMENT
The United States of America and Zeon Chemicals L.P. ("Defendant"),
a limited partnership organized and existing under the laws of the State
of Delaware, hereby enter into the following Plea Agreement pursuant
to Rule 11(c)(1)(C) of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure ("Fed.
R. Crim. P."):
RIGHTS OF DEFENDANT
1. The Defendant understands its rights:
- to be represented by an attorney;
- to be charged by Indictment;
- to plead not guilty to any criminal charge brought against it;
- to have a trial by jury, at which it would be presumed not guilty
of the charge and the United States would have to prove every essential
element of the charged offense beyond a reasonable doubt for it to be
found guilty;
- to confront and cross-examine witnesses against it and to subpoena
witnesses in its defense at trial;
- to appeal its conviction if it is found guilty;
- to contest whether venue properly lies in the Northern District
of California; and
- to appeal the imposition of sentence against it.
AGREEMENT TO PLEAD GUILTY AND WAIVE CERTAIN RIGHTS
2. The Defendant waives the rights set out in Paragraph 1(b)-(g) above,
and agrees voluntarily to consent to venue in the United States District
Court for the Northern District of California. The Defendant also waives
the right to appeal the imposition of sentence against it, so long as
the sentence imposed is consistent with the recommendation in Paragraph
8 of this Plea Agreement.
Pursuant to Fed. R. Crim. P. 7(b), the Defendant will waive indictment
and plead guilty to a one-count Information to be filed in the United
States District Court for the Northern District of California. The Information
will charge the Defendant with participating in a combination and conspiracy
to suppress and eliminate competition by increasing and maintaining
the price of acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber ("NBR") sold in the United
States and elsewhere, beginning on or about May 14, 2002 and continuing
until on or about December 31, 2002, in violation of Section One of
the Sherman Antitrust Act (15 U.S.C. § 1).
3. The Defendant, pursuant to the terms of this Plea Agreement, will
plead guilty to the criminal charge described in Paragraph 2 above and
will make a factual admission of guilt to the Court in accordance with
Fed. R. Crim. P. 11, as set forth in Paragraph 4 below.
FACTUAL BASIS FOR OFFENSE CHARGED
4. Had this case gone to trial, the United States would have presented
evidence to prove the following facts:
- For purposes of this Plea Agreement, the "relevant period" is
that period beginning on or about May 14, 2002 and continuing until
on or about December 31, 2002. During the relevant period, the Defendant
was a limited partnership organized and existing under the laws of Delaware.
The Defendant has its principal place of business in Louisville, Kentucky.
During the relevant period, the Defendant sold NBR in the United States
and elsewhere. NBR is used to manufacture, among other things, hoses,
belting, cable, o-rings, seals, adhesives, and sealants. The business
activities of the Defendant and its co-conspirators in connection with
the production and sale of NBR affected by this conspiracy were within
the flow of, and substantially affected, interstate and foreign trade
and commerce.
- During the relevant period, the Defendant, through its employees,
participated in a conspiracy among major NBR producers, the primary
purpose of which was to suppress and eliminate competition by increasing
and maintaining the price of NBR sold in the United States and elsewhere.
In furtherance of the conspiracy, agreements were reached between the
Defendant and other NBR producers to increase the price of NBR to be
sold in the United States and elsewhere.
- During the relevant period, NBR sold by one or more of the conspirator
firms, and equipment and supplies necessary to the production and distribution
of NBR, as well as payments for NBR, traveled in interstate and foreign
commerce.
POSSIBLE MAXIMUM SENTENCE
5. The Defendant understands that the maximum penalty which may be
imposed against it upon conviction for a violation of Section One of
the Sherman Antitrust Act is a fine in an amount equal to the greatest
of:
- $10 million (15 U.S.C. § 1);
- twice the gross pecuniary gain the conspirators derived from the
crime (18 U.S.C. § 3571(c) and (d)); or
- twice the gross pecuniary loss caused to the victims of the crime
by the conspirators (18 U.S.C. § 3571(c) and (d)).
6. In addition, the Defendant understands that:
- pursuant to § 8B1.1 of the U.S.S.G., the Court may order
it to pay restitution to the victims of the offense;
- pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3013(a)(2)(B) and U.S.S.G. §
8E1.1, the Court is required to order the Defendant to pay a $400 special
assessment upon conviction for the charged crime; and
- pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3561(c)(1), the Court may
impose a term of probation of at least one year, but not more than five
years.
SENTENCING GUIDELINES
7. Sentencing for the offense to be charged will be conducted pursuant
to the U.S.S.G. Manual in effect on the day of sentencing. Pursuant
to U.S.S.G. § 1B1.8, the United States agrees that self-incriminating
information that the Defendant and its cooperating directors, officers,
and employees provide to the United States pursuant to this Plea Agreement
will not be used to increase the volume of affected commerce attributable
to the Defendant or in determining the Defendant's applicable sentencing
guidelines range, except to the extent provided in U.S.S.G. § 1B1.8(b).
SENTENCING AGREEMENT
8. Pursuant to Fed. R. Crim. P. 11(c)(1)(C), the United States and
the Defendant agree that the appropriate disposition of this case is,
and agree to recommend jointly that the Court impose, a sentence requiring
the Defendant to pay to the United States a criminal fine of $10.5 million,
pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3571(d), payable in full before the fifteenth
(15th) day after the date of judgment ("the recommended sentence").
- The Defendant understands that the Court will order it to pay
a $400 special assessment, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3013(a)(2)(B)
and U.S.S.G. § 8E1.1, in addition to any fine imposed.
- Neither party will recommend a term of probation, but the Defendant
understands that the Court is free to impose a term of probation.
- Subject to the ongoing, full, and truthful cooperation of the
Defendant as described in Paragraph 11 of this Plea Agreement, the United
States will fully advise the Court of the fact, manner, and extent of
the Defendant's cooperation and its commitment to prospective cooperation
with the United States' investigation and prosecutions, all material
facts relating to the Defendant's involvement in the charged offense,
and all other relevant conduct. The United States and the Defendant
jointly submit that this Plea Agreement, together with the record that
will be created by the United States and the Defendant at the plea and
sentencing hearings, will provide sufficient information concerning
the Defendant, the crime charged in this case, and the Defendant's role
in the crime to enable the meaningful exercise of sentencing authority
by the Court under 18 U.S.C. § 3553. The United States and
the Defendant agree to request jointly that the Court accept the Defendant's
guilty plea and impose sentence on an expedited schedule as early as
the date of arraignment, based upon the record provided by the Defendant
and the United States, under the provisions of Fed. R. Crim. P. 32(c)(1)(A)(ii),
U.S.S.G. § 6A1.1, and Rule 32-1(b) of the Criminal Local Rules.
The Court's denial of the request to impose sentence on an expedited
schedule will not void this Plea Agreement.
9. The United States and the Defendant understand that the Court retains
complete discretion to accept or reject the recommended sentence provided
for in Paragraph 8 of this Plea Agreement.
- If the Court does not accept the recommended sentence, the United
States and the Defendant agree that this Plea Agreement, except for
Paragraph 9(b) below, shall be rendered void. Neither party may withdraw
from this Plea Agreement, however, based on the imposition of a term
of probation.
- If the Court does not accept the recommended sentence, the Defendant
will be free to withdraw its guilty plea (Fed. R. Crim. P. 11(c)(5)
and (d)). If the Defendant withdraws its plea of guilty, this Plea Agreement,
the guilty plea, and any statement made in the course of any proceedings
under Fed. R. Crim. P. 11 regarding the guilty plea or this Plea Agreement
or made in the course of plea discussions with an attorney for the government
shall not be admissible against the Defendant in any criminal or civil
proceeding, except as otherwise provided in Fed. R. Evid. 410. In addition,
the Defendant agrees that, if it withdraws its guilty plea pursuant
to this subparagraph of the Plea Agreement, the statute of limitations
period for any offense referred to in Paragraph 13 of this Plea Agreement
will be tolled for the period between the date of the signing of the
Plea Agreement and the date the Defendant withdrew its guilty plea or
for a period of sixty (60) days after the date of the signing of the
Plea Agreement, whichever period is greater.
10. In light of the private civil cases filed, which potentially provide
for a recovery of a multiple of actual damages, the United States agrees
that it will not seek a restitution order for the offense charged in
the Information.
DEFENDANT'S COOPERATION
11. The Defendant and any of its parents (direct or indirect) engaged
in the sale or production of NBR and affiliates Zeon Chemicals Europe
Limited, Zeon Europe GmbH, Zeon Asia Pte Ltd., and Tokyo Zairyo Co.,
Ltd. (such parents and affiliates hereafter collectively referred to
as "Related Entities") will cooperate fully and truthfully with the
United States in the prosecution of this case, the conduct of the current
federal investigation of violations of federal antitrust and related
criminal laws involving the manufacture or sale of NBR, and any litigation
or other proceedings arising or resulting from any such investigation
to which the United States is a party ("Federal Proceeding"). The ongoing,
full, and truthful cooperation of the Defendant and its Related Entities
shall include, but not be limited to:
- producing to the United States all non-privileged
documents, information, and other materials (with translations into
English), wherever located, in the possession, custody, or control of
the Defendant or any of its Related Entities, requested by the United
States in connection with any Federal Proceeding; and
- using its best efforts to secure the ongoing, full, and truthful
cooperation, as defined in Paragraph 12 of this Plea Agreement, of the
current directors, officers, and employees of the Defendant or any of
its Related Entities as may be requested by the United States (but excluding
John Stothard and Hiroyuki Hirakawa), including making these persons
available in the United States and at other mutually agreed-upon locations,
at the Defendant's expense, for interviews and the provision of testimony
in grand jury, trial, and other judicial proceedings in connection with
any Federal Proceeding.
12. The ongoing, full, and truthful cooperation of each person described
in Paragraph 11(b) above will be subject to the procedures and protections
of this paragraph, and shall include, but not be limited to:
- producing in the United States and at other mutually agreed-upon
locations all non-privileged documents (with translations into English),
including claimed personal documents, and other materials, wherever
located, requested by attorneys and agents of the United States;
- making himself or herself available for interviews in the United
States and at other mutually agreed-upon locations, not at the expense
of the United States, upon the request of attorneys and agents of the
United States;
- responding fully and truthfully to all inquiries of the United
States in connection with any Federal Proceeding, without falsely implicating
any person or intentionally withholding any information, subject to
the penalties of making false statements (18 U.S.C. § 1001) and
obstruction of justice (18 U.S.C. § 1503);
- otherwise voluntarily providing the United States with any non-privileged
material or information not requested in (a) - (c) of this paragraph
that he or she may have that is related to any Federal Proceeding;
- when called upon to do so by the United States in connection with
any Federal Proceeding, testifying in grand jury, trial, and other judicial
proceedings in the United States fully, truthfully, and under oath,
subject to the penalties of perjury (18 U.S.C. § 1621), making false statements or declarations
in grand jury or court proceedings (18 U.S.C. § 1623), contempt
(18 U.S.C. §§ 401- 402), and obstruction of justice (18 U.S.C.
§ 1503); and
- agreeing that, if the agreement not to prosecute him or her in
this Plea Agreement is rendered void under Paragraph 14(c), the statute
of limitations period for any Relevant Offense as defined in Paragraph
14(a) will be tolled as to him or her for the period between the date
of the signing of this Plea Agreement and six (6) months after the date
that the United States gave notice of its intent to void its obligations
to that person under the Plea Agreement.
GOVERNMENT'S AGREEMENT
13. Upon acceptance of the guilty plea called for by this Plea Agreement
and the imposition of the recommended sentence, and subject to the cooperation
requirements of Paragraph 11 of this Plea Agreement, the United States
agrees that it will not bring further criminal charges against the Defendant
or any of its Related Entities for any act or offense committed before
the date of this Plea Agreement that was undertaken in furtherance of
an antitrust conspiracy involving the manufacture or sale of NBR. The
nonprosecution terms of this paragraph do not apply to civil matters
of any kind, to any violation of the federal tax or securities laws,
or to any crime of violence.
14. The United States agrees to the following:
- Upon the Court's acceptance of the guilty plea called for by this
Plea Agreement and the imposition of the recommended sentence and subject
to the exceptions noted in Paragraph 14(c), the United States will
not bring criminal charges against any current or former director, officer,
or employee of the Defendant or any of its Related Entities for any
act or offense committed before the date of this Plea Agreement and
while that person was acting as a director, officer, or employee of
the Defendant or any of its Related Entities that was undertaken in
furtherance of an antitrust conspiracy involving the manufacture or
sale of NBR ("Relevant Offense"), except that the protections granted
in this paragraph shall not apply to John Stothard and Hiroyuki Hirakawa;
- Should the United States determine that any current or former
director, officer, or employee of the Defendant or any of its Related
Entities may have information relevant to any Federal Proceeding,
the United States may request that person's cooperation under
the terms of this Plea Agreement by written request delivered to counsel
for the individual (with a copy to the undersigned counsel for the Defendant)
or, if the individual is not known by the United States to be represented,
to the undersigned counsel for the Defendant;
- If any person requested to provide cooperation under Paragraph
14(b) fails to comply with his or her obligations under Paragraph 12,
then the terms of this Plea Agreement as they pertain to that person,
and the agreement not to prosecute that person granted in this Plea
Agreement, shall be rendered void;
- Except as provided in Paragraph 14(e), information provided by
a person described in Paragraph 14(b) to the United States under the
terms of this Plea Agreement pertaining to any Relevant Offense,
or any information directly or indirectly derived from that information,
may not be used against that person in a criminal case, except in a
prosecution for perjury (18 U.S.C. § 1621), making a false
statement or declaration (18 U.S.C. §§ 1001, 1623), or
obstruction of justice (18 U.S.C. § 1503);
- If any person who provides information to the United States under
this Plea Agreement fails to comply fully with his or her obligations
under Paragraph 12 of this Plea Agreement, the agreement in Paragraph
14(d) not to use that information or any information directly or indirectly
derived from it against that person in a criminal case shall be rendered
void;
- The nonprosecution terms of this paragraph do not apply to civil
matters of any kind, to any violation of the federal tax or securities
laws, or to any crime of violence; and
- Documents provided under Paragraphs 11(a) and 12(a) shall be deemed
responsive to outstanding grand jury subpoenas issued to the Defendant
or any of its Related Entities.
15. The United States agrees that when any person travels to the United
States for interviews, grand jury appearances, or court appearances
pursuant to this Plea Agreement, or for meetings with counsel in preparation
therefor, the United States will take no action, based upon any Relevant
Offense, to subject such person to arrest, detention, or service of
process, or to prevent such person from departing the United States.
This paragraph does not apply to an individual's commission of perjury
(18 U.S.C. § 1621), making false statements (18 U.S.C. § 1001),
making false statements or declarations in grand jury or court proceedings
(18 U.S.C. § 1623), obstruction of justice (18 U.S.C.
§ 1503), or contempt (18 U.S.C. §§ 401-402) in connection
with any testimony or information provided or requested in any Federal
Proceeding.
16. The Defendant understands that it may be subject to administrative
action by federal or state agencies other than the United States Department
of Justice, Antitrust Division, based upon the conviction resulting
from this Plea Agreement, and that this Plea Agreement in no way controls
whatever action, if any, other agencies may take. However, the United
States agrees that, if requested, it will advise the appropriate officials
of any governmental agency considering such administrative action of
the fact, manner, and extent of the cooperation of the Defendant and
its Related Entities as a matter for that agency to consider before
determining what administrative action, if any, to take.
REPRESENTATION BY COUNSEL
17. The Defendant has been represented by counsel and is fully satisfied
that its attorneys have provided competent legal representation. The
Defendant has thoroughly reviewed this Plea Agreement and acknowledges
that counsel has advised it of the nature of the charge, any possible
defenses to the charge, and the nature and range of possible sentences.
VOLUNTARY PLEA
18. The Defendant's decision to enter into this Plea Agreement and
to tender a plea of guilty is freely and voluntarily made and is not
the result of force, threats, assurances, promises, or representations
other than the representations contained in this Plea Agreement. The
United States has made no promises or representations to the Defendant
as to whether the Court will accept or reject the recommendations contained
within this Plea Agreement.
VIOLATION OF PLEA AGREEMENT
19. The Defendant agrees that, should the United States determine
in good faith, during the period that any Federal Proceeding is pending,
that the Defendant or any of its Related Entities have failed to provide
full and truthful cooperation, as described in Paragraph 11 of this
Plea Agreement, or have otherwise violated any provision of this Plea
Agreement, the United States will notify counsel for the Defendant in
writing by personal or overnight delivery or facsimile transmission
and may also notify counsel by telephone of its intention to void any
of its obligations under this Plea Agreement (except its obligations
under this paragraph), and the Defendant and its Related Entities shall
be subject to prosecution for any federal crime of which the United
States has knowledge, including, but not limited to, the substantive
offenses relating to the investigation resulting in this Plea Agreement.
The Defendant and its Related Entities may
seek court review of any determination made by the United States under
this Paragraph to void any of its obligations under the Plea Agreement.
The Defendant and its Related Entities agree that, in the event that
the United States is released from its obligations under this Plea Agreement
and brings criminal charges against the Defendant and its Related Entities
for any offense referred to in Paragraph 13 of this Plea Agreement,
the statute of limitations period for such offense will be tolled for
the period between the date of the signing of this Plea Agreement and
six (6) months after the date the United States gave notice of its intent
to void its obligations under this Plea Agreement.
20. The Defendant understands and agrees that in any further prosecution
of it or its Related Entities resulting from the release of the United
States from its obligations under this Plea Agreement, because of the
Defendant's or its Related Entities' violation of the Plea Agreement,
any documents, statements, information, testimony, or evidence provided
by it, its Related Entities, or current or former directors, officers,
or employees of it or its Related Entities to attorneys or agents of
the United States, federal grand juries, or courts, and any leads derived
therefrom, may be used against it or its Related Entities in any such
further prosecution. In addition, the Defendant unconditionally waives
its right to challenge the use of such evidence in any such further
prosecution, notwithstanding the protections of Fed. R. Evid. 410.
ENTIRETY OF AGREEMENT
21. This Plea Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the
United States and the Defendant concerning the disposition of the criminal
charge in this case. This Plea Agreement cannot be modified except in
writing signed by the United States and the Defendant.
22. The undersigned is authorized to enter this Plea Agreement on
behalf of the Defendant as evidenced by the Resolution of the Board
of Directors of the General Partner of the Defendant attached to, and
incorporated by reference in, this Plea Agreement.
23. The undersigned attorneys for the United States have been authorized
by the Attorney General of the United States to enter this Plea Agreement
on behalf of the United States.
24. A facsimile signature shall be deemed an original signature for
the purpose of executing this Plea Agreement. Multiple signature pages
are authorized for the purpose of executing this Plea Agreement.
DATED: ___January 12, 2005________
Respectfully submitted,
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ZEON CHEMICALS L.P.
BY: ___________/s/________________
Gary W. Grindrod
President
Zeon Chemicals L.P.
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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
ANTITRUST DIVISION
BY: ___________/s/________________
Barbara J. Nelson
Brigid S. Biermann
Attorneys
450 Golden Gate Avenue
Box 36046, Room 10-0101
San Francisco, CA 94102
(415) 436-6660
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COUNSEL FOR ZEON CHEMICALS L.P.
BY: ___________/s/________________
William J. Baer, Esq.
Franklin R. Liss, Esq.
Arnold & Porter LLP
555 Twelfth Street, NW
Washington, DC 20004-1206
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