TABLE SET II:	THE UNITED STATES ATTORNEYS

B.	Offenses: Explanatory Notes For Table Set II.B

Table Set II.B examines charging practices.	As explained in the text of the Survey, when the modern use of the federal death penalty began in 1988, the only offenses subject to capital punishment were narcotics-related offenses under the DKA, and therefore all 52 submissions in the pre- protocol period were in cases where the defendant was charged with committing such offenses. With the enactment of the FDPA in 1994, prosecutors were authorized to seek the death penalty for a variety of offenses. Table 6 lists all of the federal offenses currently punishable by death.

Table 7 reports the extent to which each federal offense punishable by death has been charged against the 682 defendants reviewed in the post-protocol period, providing information about the total number of cases under each statute as well as the United States Attorneys' recommendations for and against seeking the death penalty. The information in Table 7 is reported on a statute-by-statute basis, and does not contain information about particular districts.

Tables 8-1, and 8-2 provide offense-related information about each district. Specifically, Table 8-1 reports on the subset of those cases in which United States Attorneys recommended seeking the death penalty, and Table 8-2 reports on the subset of the overall cases in which United States Attorneys recommended that the death penalty not be sought.

In any given case, the defendant's conduct can violate more than one federal statute that is subject to capital punishment, and many defendants have been charged with more than one capital offense in a single indictment. As a result, the total number of offenses reported in Table Set B.2 exceeds the total number of defendants charged with capital offenses in the post-protocol period.

The fact that defendants can be charged with multiple offenses in a single case also means that the method of counting can affect the statistics. In compiling Table Set II.B, multiple counts in an indictment charging the same statutory violation against the same defendant were counted only once, but different statutory violations charged against the same defendant in a single indictment were counted separately. Thus, for example, assume that in District A, there were capital charges against two defendants: one White defendant charged with five different murders, all in violation of the same statute, and one Black defendant charged with five different statutory offenses punishable by death. The report for that district would show that one offense was charged against White defendants and five offenses were charged against Black defendants. To help account for the effects of this methodology, each entry for a specific district in Tables 8-1, and 8-2 also report the total number of defendants charged in that district.

TABLE 6:	FEDERAL CAPITAL OFFENSES

Table 6 provides information about the 59 sections of the United States Code that define criminal offenses punishable by death, with part 1 of the table listing offenses defined under Title 18 of the United States Code and part 2 listing offense defined under other titles of the United States Code. The description accompanying each citation is drawn from the name of the section as set forth in the United States Code, with additional parenthetical information added where appropriate. With one exception, the procedures set forth in the FDPA, 18 U.S.C. §§ 3591 to 3598, apply to capital prosecutions arising under all of the statutes listed below. The exception is that capital prosecutions arising under 21 U.S.C. § 848(e) (continuing criminal enterprise) are subject to the similar but not identical procedures of the DKA, as set forth in 21 U.S.C. § 848(g)-(r).

All but three of the statutes listed below provide for imposition of the death penalty only for offenses resulting in death. Under the terms of 18 U.S.C. §§ 794 (espionage), 2381 (treason), and 3591 (providing for imposition of the death penalty for violations of 21 U.S.C. § 848(c) involving trafficking in large quantities of narcotics by continuing criminal enterprise; or attempting, authorizing or advising the killing of any officer, juror or witness by a continuing criminal enterprise), the government need not prove that the offense resulted in death in order for capital punishment to be available. The federal government has not sought the death penalty for any offense not resulting in death since the reintroduction of the capital punishment into the federal criminal justice system in 1988.

Offenses under 18 U.S.C. §§ 32 and 33 (Nos. 4 and 5) are eligible for capital punishment by virtue of 18 U.S.C. § 34, which does not itself define a criminal offense, but instead provides that the death penalty may be imposed as punishment for any offense under Chapter 2 of Title 18 (aircraft and motor vehicles) that results in the death of any person. Likewise, offenses under 18 U.S.C. § 2241 (No. 39) are eligible for capital punishment by virtue of 18 U.S.C. § 2245, which does not itself define a criminal offense, but instead provides that the death penalty may be imposed as punishment for any offense under Chapter 109A of Title 18 (sexual abuse) that results in the death of any person.

Some offenses under 21 U.S.C. § 848 (No. 55) are eligible for capital punishment by virtue of 18 U.S.C. § 3591, which does not itself define a criminal offense, but instead provides that the death penalty may be imposed in certain circumstances as punishment for certain violations of 21 U.S.C. § 848(c). When the DKA was enacted in 1988, it provided for imposition of the death penalty for certain specified offenses, codified at 21 U.S.C. § 848(e). The FDPA added a provision, codified at 18 U.S.C. § 3591(b), that a defendant found guilty of engaging in a continuing criminal enterprise (as defined in 21 U.S.C. § 848(c)) could be sentenced to death if (1) the offense involved specified amounts of narcotics, or (2) the defendant was a leader of the enterprise and sought to obstruct an investigation or prosecution by attempting to kill an officer, juror or witness (or a member of any such person's family).

1. OFFENSES UNDER TITLE 18 OF THE UNITED STATES CODE

No.	Citation	Description
1	18 U.S.C. § 32	Destruction of aircraft or aircraft facilities
2	18 U.S.C. § 33	Destruction of motor vehicles or motor vehicle facilities
3	18 U.S.C. § 36	Drive-by shooting
4	18 U.S.C. § 37	Violence at international airports
5	18 U.S.C. § 115	Influencing, impeding, or retaliating against a Federal official by murdering a family member
6	18 U.S.C. § 229A	Penalties (crimes relating to chemical weapons)
7	18 U.S.C. § 241	Conspiracy against rights
8	18 U.S.C. § 242	Deprivation of rights under color of law
9	18 U.S.C. § 245	Federally protected activities
10	18 U.S.C. § 247	Damage to religious property; obstruction of the free exercise of religious rights
11	18 U.S.C. § 351	Congressional, Cabinet, and Supreme Court assassination
12	18 U.S.C. § 794	Gathering or delivering defense information to aid foreign government
13	18 U.S.C. § 844	Explosive materials
14	18 U.S.C. § 924	Firearms
15	18 U.S.C. § 930	Possession of firearms and dangerous weapons in Federal facilities
16	18 U.S.C. § 1091	Genocide
17	18 U.S.C. § 1111	Murder
18	18 U.S.C. § 1114	Protection of officers and employees of the United States
19	18 U.S.C. § 1116	Murder of foreign officials, official guests, or internationally protected persons
20	18 U.S.C. § 1118	Murder by a Federal prisoner
21	18 U.S.C. § 1119	Foreign murder of United States nationals
22	18 U.S.C. § 1120	Murder by escaped prisoners
23	18 U.S.C. § 1121	Killing persons aiding Federal investigations or State correctional officers
24	18 U.S.C. § 1201	Kidnapping
25	18 U.S.C. § 1203	Hostage taking
26	18 U.S.C. § 1503	Influencing or injuring officer or juror generally
27	18 U.S.C. § 1512	Tampering with a witness, victim, or an informant
28	18 U.S.C. § 1513	Retaliating against a witness, victim, or an informant
29	18 U.S.C. § 1716	Injurious articles as nonmailable
30	18 U.S.C. § 1751	Presidential and Presidential staff assassination
31	18 U.S.C. § 1958	Use of interstate commerce facilities in the commission of murder-for-hire
32	18 U.S.C. § 1959	Violent crimes in aid of racketeering activity
33	18 U.S.C. § 1992	Wrecking trains
34	18 U.S.C. § 2113	Bank robbery and incidental crimes
35	18 U.S.C. § 2119	Motor vehicles (carjacking)
36	18 U.S.C. § 2241	Aggravated sexual abuse
37	18 U.S.C. § 2242	Sexual abuse
38	18 U.S.C. § 2243	Sexual abuse of a minor or ward
39	18 U.S.C. § 2244	Abusive sexual contact
40	18 U.S.C. § 2251	Sexual exploitation of children
41	18 U.S.C. § 2280	Violence against maritime navigation
42	18 U.S.C. § 2281	Violence against maritime fixed platforms
43	18 U.S.C. § 2332	Terrorism
44	18 U.S.C. § 2332a	Use of weapons of mass destruction
45	18 U.S.C. § 2332b	Acts of terrorism transcending national boundaries
46	18 U.S.C. § 2332c	Use of chemical weapons
47	18 U.S.C. § 2340A	Torture
48	18 U.S.C. § 2381	Treason
49	18 U.S.C. § 2441	War crimes

2. OFFENSES UNDER OTHER TITLES OF THE UNITED STATES CODE

No.	Citation	Description
50	7 U.S.C. § 2146	Administration and enforcement by Secretary (murder of officials enforcing laws relating to transportation, sale, and handling of certain animals)
51	8 U.S.C. § 1324	Bringing in and harboring certain aliens
52	15 U.S.C. § 1825	Violations and penalties (murder of officials enforcing laws relating to the protection of horses)
53	21 U.S.C. § 461	Violations and penalties (murder of officials enforcing laws relating to poultry inspection)
54	21 U.S.C. § 675	Violations and penalties (murder of officials enforcing laws relating to meat inspection)
55	21 U.S.C. § 848	Continuing criminal enterprise
56	21 U.S.C. § 1041	Violations and penalties (murder of officials enforcing laws relating to inspection of egg products)
57	42 U.S.C. § 2283	Protection of nuclear inspectors
58	49 U.S.C. § 46502	Aircraft piracy
59	49 U.S.C. § 46502	Application of certain criminal laws to acts on aircraft

TABLE 7

U.S. ATTORNEY RECOMMENDATIONS

BY CAPITAL OFFENSE AND RACE/ETHNICITY OF DEFENDANT

(1995-2000)

CAPITAL

OFFENSE	Total Defendants

Submitted by U.S. Attorneys	U.S. Attorney Recommendations

to Seek the Death Penalty	U.S. Attorney Recommendations

Not to Seek the Death Penalty
Total	White	Black	Hispanic	Other	Total	White	Black	Hispanic	Other	Total	White	Black	Hispanic	Other
8 U.S.C. 1324(a)	23	3	2	16	2	0	0	0	0	0	23	3	2	16	2
18 U.S.C. 32	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
18 U.S.C. 33	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
18 U.S.C. 36	3	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	0	3	0	0
18 U.S.C. 37	3	2	1	0	0	3	2	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 U.S.C. 241	6	2	3	1	0	2	0	2	0	0	4	2	1	1	0
18 U.S.C. 242	9	2	6	1	0	5	0	5	0	0	4	2	1	1	0
18 U.S.C. 245(b)	6	4	0	2	0	4	2	0	2	0	2	2	0	0	0
18 U.S.C. 247(d)(1)	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
18 U.S.C. 794	5	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0
18 U.S.C. 844(d)	4	4	0	0	0	2	2	0	0	0	2	2	0	0	0
18 U.S.C. 844(f)	5	4	1	0	0	4	3	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
18 U.S.C. 844(i)	20	14	2	1	3	10	6	1	0	3	10	8	1	1	0
18 U.S.C. 924(j)	186	22	105	53	6	64	11	29	19	5	122	11	76	34	1
18 U.S.C. 930(c)	6	4	2	0	0	3	2	1	0	0	3	2	1	0	0
18 U.S.C. 1111	60	28	27	0	5	15	8	6	0	1	45	20	21	0	4
18 U.S.C. 1114	19	8	5	3	3	8	4	2	0	2	11	4	3	3	1
18 U.S.C. 1116(a)	3	2	1	0	0	2	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
18 U.S.C. 1118	2	1	1	0	0	2	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 U.S.C. 1121(a)	5	0	5	0	0	5	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	35	5	16	13	1	13	3	7	2	1	22	2	9	11	0
18 U.S.C. 1203(a)	15	0	0	10	5	3	0	0	0	3	12	0	0	10	2
18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	57	11	32	12	2	22	5	12	4	1	35	6	20	8	1
18 U.S.C. 1513(a)	22	3	10	8	1	7	1	2	4	0	15	2	8	4	1
18 U.S.C. 1716	3	3	0	0	0	2	2	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	34	13	8	11	2	20	10	2	8	0	14	3	6	3	2
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	153	20	70	60	3	29	7	9	12	1	123	12	61	48	2
18 U.S.C. 2113(e)	22	0	11	11	0	11	0	10	1	0	11	0	1	10	0
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	71	3	32	34	2	20	1	12	6	1	50	2	19	28	1
18 U.S.C. 2241(a)	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 U.S.C. 2241(c)	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 U.S.C. 2332a	5	4	1	0	0	4	3	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
21 U.S.C. 848(c)	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	130	18	85	27	0	32	7	20	5	0	95	11	65	19	0
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(B)	7	0	2	5	0	2	0	0	2	0	5	0	2	3	0
49 U.S.C. 46502	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
TOTAL	926	191	432	268	35	296	83	130	65	18	625	107	301	200	17

TABLE 8-1

CAPITAL OFFENSES

U.S. ATTORNEY RECOMMENDATIONS TO SEEK THE DEATH PENALTY

BY DISTRICT AND RACE/ETHNICITY OF DEFENDANT

(January 1, 1995 - July 20, 2000)

District

Capital Offense

White

Black

Hispanic

Other	Total Capital Offenses
Alabama, Middle	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Alabama, Northern	21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A) n/a	2	2
2 of 2 defendants	total	2	2
Alabama, Southern	18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	2	2
2 of 2 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1513(a)	2	2
total	4	4
Alaska	n/a	0
0 of 1 defendant	total	0
Arizona	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
1 of 12 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1114	1	1
total	2	2
Arkansas, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	1	3
3 of 3 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	2	2
total	4	1	5
Arkansas, Western	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	2
3 of 3 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1111	2	2
18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	1	1
total	5	5
California, Central	18 U.S.C. 245(b)	1	1
3 of 15 defendants	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1	2
18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1114	1	1	2
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	1	1
total	3	2	2	7
California, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 844(d)	1	1
4 of 10 defendants	18 U.S.C. 844(i)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1716	1	1
18 U.S.C. 2241(a)	1	1
total	5	1	1	7
California, Northern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1
1 of 4 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	1	1
total	2	2
California, Southern	n/a	0
0 of 2 defendants	total	0
Colorado	n/a	0
0 of 6 defendants	total	0
Connecticut	n/a	0
0 of 11 defendants	total	0
Delaware	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
District of Columbia	21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	1	1
1 of 21 defendants	total	1	1
Florida, Middle	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	3	3
3 of 3 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	3	3
total	6	6
Florida, Northern	n/a	0
0 of 5 defendants	total	0
Florida, Southern	18 U.S.C. 1959(a) U.S.C. 1324(a)	1	1
1 of 9 defendants	total	1	1
Georgia, Middle	n/a	0
0 of 4 defendants	total	0
Georgia, Northern	18 U.S.C. 1118	1	1
1 of 5 defendants	total	1	1
Georgia, Southern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	3	1	4
4 of 5 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1121(a)	3	3
18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	3	3
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	1	1
total	9	2	11
Guam	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Hawaii	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1
1 of 6 defendants	total	1	1
Idaho	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Illinois, Central	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Illinois, Northern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1
2 of 7 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1121(a)	2	2
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	2	2
total	5	5
Illinois, Southern	18 U.S.C. 37	2	1	3
3 of 3 defendants	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	1	3
18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	2	1	3
total	6	3	9
Indiana, Northern	n/a	0
0 of 4 defendants	total	0
Indiana, Southern	n/a	0
0 of 2 defendants	total	0
Iowa, Northern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	2
2 of 4 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	2	2
total	4	4
Iowa, Southern	n/a	0
0 of 2 defendants	total	0
Kansas	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	2
3 of 12 defendants	18 U.S.C. 930(c)	1	1
Kansas	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
3 of 12 defendants (cont'd)	total	2	2	4
Kentucky, Eastern	n/a	0
0 of 1 defendant	total	0
Kentucky, Western	18 U.S.C. 844(i)	1	2	3
5 of 6 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	2	2
total	2	1	2	5
Louisiana, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 241	2	2
3 of 7 defendants	18 U.S.C. 242	2	2
18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	2	2
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	1	1
total	6	1	7
Louisiana, Middle	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Louisiana, Western	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Maine	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Maryland	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1
6 of 41 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1111	2	2
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	1	1
total	5	1	6
Massachusetts	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
1 of 13 defendants	total	1	1
Michigan, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	2
4 of 17 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 2113(e)	2	2
total	4	1	5
Michigan, Western	n/a	0	0
0	total	0	0
Minnesota	n/a	0
0 of 7 defendants	total	0
Mississippi, Northern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1
1 of 1 defendant	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
total	2	2
Mississippi, Southern	n/a	0
0 of 1 defendant	total	0
Missouri, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	3	1	4
5 of 5 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	1	1	2
18 U.S.C. 2113(e)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	2	2
total	8	2	10
Missouri, Western	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	3	3
8 of 8 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	3	3
Missouri, Western	18 U.S.C. 2241(c)	1	1
8 of 8 defendants (cont'd)	21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	2	2
total	4	2	6	12
Montana	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Nebraska	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Nevada	18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	4	4
4 of 9 defendants	total	4	4
New Hampshire	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
New Jersey	18 U.S.C. 844(d)	1	1
2 of 4 defendants	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1716	1	1
18 U.S.C. 2113(e)	1	1
total	2	2	4
New Mexico	18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	4	4
6 of 11 defendants	21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	2	2
total	2	4	6
New York, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1
6 of 58 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1203(a)	3	3
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	1	1	2
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	1	1	2
total	2	2	4	8
New York, Northern	21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	2	2
2 of 6 defendants	total	2	2
New York, Southern	18 U.S.C. 844(f)	1	1	2
6 of 50 defendants	18 U.S.C. 930(c)	1	1	2
18 U.S.C. 1114	1	1	2
18 U.S.C. 1116(a)	1	1	2
18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	3	3
18 U.S.C. 2332a	1	1	2
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	2	2
total	5	12	17
New York, Western	n/a	0
0 of 5 defendants	total	0
North Carolina, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	1	3
3 of 10 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	1	1
total	6	3	9
North Carolina, Middle	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
North Carolina, Western	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1	2
3 of 5 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
North Carolina, Western	18 U.S.C. 1114	1	1
3 of 5 defendants (cont'd)	18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	1	1
total	2	2	1	5
North Dakota	18 U.S.C. 844(i)	1	1
1 of 1 defendant	18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	1	1
total	2	2
Northern Mariana Islands	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Ohio, Northern	n/a	0
0 of 4 defendants	total	0
Ohio, Southern	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Oklahoma, Eastern	n/a	0
0 of 1 defendant	total	0
Oklahoma, Northern	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Oklahoma, Western	18 U.S.C. 844(f)	2	2
2 of 3 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1114	2	2
18 U.S.C. 2332a	2	2
total	6	6
Oregon	n/a	0
0 of 1 defendant	total	0
Pennsylvania, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	3	3
4 of 6 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	3	3
Pennsylvania, Eastern	21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	1	1
4 of 6 defendants (cont'd)	total	1	6	7
Pennsylvania, Middle	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	2
3 of 4 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1118	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	2	2
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	2	2
total	2	6	8
Pennsylvania, Western	18 U.S.C. 844(i)	1	1
1 of 2 defendants	total	1	1
Puerto Rico	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	6	6
14 of 72 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 1513(a)	4	4
18 U.S.C. 2113(e)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	5	5
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	2	2
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(B)	2	2
total	22	22
Rhode Island	n/a	0
0 of 5 defendants	total	0
South Carolina	18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	1	1
1 of 7 defendants	total	1	1
South Dakota	n/a	0
0 of 3 defendants	total	0
Tennessee, Eastern	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Tennessee, Middle	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	2
4 of 6 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	2	2
total	4	4	8
Tennessee, Western	18 U.S.C. 242	3	3
6 of 11 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 1513(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	2	2
total	1	7	8
Texas, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	2
4 of 5 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 2113(e)	3	3
total	6	6
Texas, Northern	18 U.S.C. 245(b)	1	2	3
6 of 10 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	3	3
total	1	3	2	6
Texas, Southern	n/a	0
0 of 5 defendants	total	0
Texas, Western	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
4 of 8 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	1	1	2
Texas, Western	18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	2	2
4 of 8 defendants (cont'd)	total	1	3	1	5
Utah	n/a	0
0 of 1 defendant	total	0
Vermont	n/a	0
0 of 1 defendant	total	0
Virgin Islands	n/a	0
0 of 5 defendants	total	0
Virginia, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	6	1	7
21 of 66 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1111	2	2
18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	1	1	2
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 2113(e)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	2	2
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	10	10
total	26	2	28
Virginia, Western	18 U.S.C. 844(i)	1	1
4 of 6 defendants	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	1	1
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	1	1
total	2	3	5
Washington, Eastern	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Washington, Western	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
West Virginia, Northern	18 U.S.C. 844(i)	3	3
3 of 11 defendants	total	3	3
West Virginia, Southern	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Wisconsin, Eastern	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Wisconsin, Western	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Wyoming	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
TOTAL
183 of 682 defendants	83	130	65	18	296

TABLE 8-2

CAPITAL OFFENSES

U.S. ATTORNEY RECOMMENDATIONS NOT TO SEEK THE DEATH PENALTY

BY DISTRICT AND RACE/ETHNICITY OF DEFENDANT

(1995-2000)

District

Capital Offense

White

Black

Hispanic

Other	Total Capital Offenses
Alabama, Middle	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Alabama, Northern	n/a	0
0 of 2 defendants	total	0
Alabama, Southern	n/a	0
0 of 2 defendants	total	0
Alaska	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1
1 of 1 defendant	18 U.S.C. 930(c)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1114	1	1
total	3	3
Arizona	8 U.S.C. 1324(a)	3	3
11 of 12 defendants	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	1	3
18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1	2
18 U.S.C. 1114	2	3	1	6
18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	2	2
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(B)	3	3
49 U.S.C. 46502	1	1
total	2	5	11	3	21
Arkansas, Eastern	n/a	0
0 of 3 defendants	total	0
Arkansas, Western	n/a	0
0 of 3 defendants	total	0
California, Central	8 U.S.C. 1324(a)	2	2
12 of 15 defendants	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	3	3
18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1114	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1716	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	3	3
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	4	4
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	1	1
total	3	3	8	2	16
California, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 245(b)	2	2
6 of 10 defendants	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1513(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	3	3
total	7	1	8
California, Northern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	2
3 of 4 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	2	2
total	5	5
California, Southern	8 U.S.C. 1324(a)	2	2
2 of 2 defendants	total	2	2
Colorado	18 U.S.C. 1111	5	1	6
6 of 6 defendants	total	5	1	6
Connecticut	18 U.S.C. 1114	1	1
11 of 11 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1513(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	9	9
total	3	9	12
Delaware	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
District of Columbia	18 U.S.C. 844(i)	1	1
19 of 21 defendants	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	3	3
18 U.S.C. 1513(a)	3	3
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	4	4
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	2	2
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	7	7
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(B)	1	1
total	2	23	25
Florida, Middle	n/a	0
0 of 3 defendants	total	0
Florida, Northern	18 U.S.C. 1111	2	2
5 of 5 defendants	18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	3	3
total	2	3	5
Florida, Southern	8 U.S.C. 1324(a)	3	3
8 of 9 defendants	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	3	3
total	5	3	8
Georgia, Middle	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	2
4 of 4 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	3	3
total	6	6
Georgia, Northern	18 U.S.C. 247(d)(1)	1	1
4 of 5 defendants	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	1	1
total	1	3	4
Georgia, Southern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1
1 of 5 defendants	18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	1	1
total	2	2
Guam	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Hawaii	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	2
5 of 6 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	2	3
total	1	2	2	5
Idaho	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Illinois, Central	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Illinois, Northern	18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	5	5
5 of 7 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1203(a)	5	5
total	10	10
Illinois, Southern	n/a	0
0 of 3 defendants	total	0
Indiana, Northern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	3	3
4 of 4 defendants	18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	1	1
total	3	1	4
Indiana, Southern	18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	2	2
2 of 2 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1513(a) 1513(a)++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++	2	2
total	4	4
Iowa, Northern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1	2
2 of 4 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	1	1	2
total	2	2	4
Iowa, Southern	18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	2	2
2 of 2 defendants	total	2	2
Kansas	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	8	9
9 of 12 defendants	total	1	8	9
Kentucky, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	1	1
1 of 1 defendant	total	1	1
Kentucky, Western	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1
1 of 6 defendants	total	1	1
Louisiana, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 241	1	1
4 of 7 defendants	18 U.S.C. 242	1	1
18 U.S.C. 924(j)	3	3
18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	1	1
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	3	3
total	9	9
Louisiana, Middle	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Louisiana, Western	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Maine	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Maryland	18 U.S.C. 844(i)	4	4
35 of 41 defendants	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	6	6
18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	16	16
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	8	8
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(B)	1	1
total	4	32	36
Massachusetts	18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	1	1
12 of 13 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1513(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	1	7	1	9
Massachusetts	21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	2	2
12 of 13 defendants (cont'd)	total	2	9	2	13
Michigan, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	3	2	5
13 of 17 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	2	2
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	7	2	9
total	11	6	17
Michigan, Western	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	3	2	2	7
10 of 10 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
18 U.S.C. 2113(e)	2	2
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	2	2
total	4	2	6	12
Minnesota	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	5	5
7 of 7 defendants	21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	2	2
total	7	7
Mississippi, Northern	n/a	0
0 of 1 defendant	total	0
Mississippi, Southern	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
1 of 1 defendant	total	1	1
Missouri, Eastern	n/a	0
0 of 5 defendants	total	0
Missouri, Western	n/a	0
0 of 8 defendants	total	0
Montana	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Nebraska	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Nevada	18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	1	2	3
4 of 9 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	1	1
total	2	2	4
New Hampshire	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
New Jersey	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1
2 of 4 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1513(a) 1959(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	1	1
total	1	2	3
New Mexico	18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	1	1
5 of 11 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1513(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	2	2
total	4	2	6
New York, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 241	2	1	3
52 of 58 defendants	18 U.S.C. 242	2	1	3
18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	5	3	10
18 U.S.C. 1203(a)	1	2	3
18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	2	4	6
18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	2	2
New York, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	7	4	6	1	18
50 of 56 defendants (cont'd)	21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	7	7	4	18
total	22	22	16	3	63
New York, Northern	21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	3	1	4
4 of 6 defendants	total	3	1	4
New York, Southern	18 U.S.C. 32	1	1
44 of 50 defendants	18 U.S.C. 844(d)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 844(f)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 844(i)	1	1	2
18 U.S.C. 930(c)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1114	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1116(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	1	5	6
18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	2	1	3
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	1	10	25	1	37
18 U.S.C. 2332a	1	1
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	1	1	2
total	9	14	33	1	57
New York, Western	18 U.S.C. 36	3	3
5 of 5 defendants	21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	5	5
total	8	8
North Carolina, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	5	5
7 of 10 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	4	4
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	5	5
North Carolina, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	5	5
7 of 10 defendants (cont'd)	total	19	19
North Carolina, Middle	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
North Carolina, Western	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	2
2 of 5 defendants	18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	1	1
total	3	3
North Dakota	n/a	0
0 of 1 defendant	total	0
Northern Mariana Islands	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Ohio, Northern	18 U.S.C. 33	1	1
4 of 4 defendants	18 U.S.C. 844(i)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	3	3
total	2	3	5
Ohio, Southern	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Oklahoma, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 1114	1	1
1 of 1 defendant	total	1	1
Oklahoma, Northern	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Oklahoma, Western	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
1 of 3 defendants	total	1	1
Oregon	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
1 of 1 defendant	total	1	1
Pennsylvania, Eastern	21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	2	2
2 of 6 defendants	total	2	2
Pennsylvania, Middle	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
1 of 4 defendants	total	1	1
Pennsylvania, Western	18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	1	1
1 of 2 defendants	total	1	1
Puerto Rico	8 U.S.C. 1324(a)	4	4
55 of 72 defendants	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	13	13
18 U.S.C. 1203(a)	4	4
18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	6	6
18 U.S.C. 1513(a)	3	3
18 U.S.C. 2113(e)	8	8
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	21	21
21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	7	7
total	66	66
Rhode Island	18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	4	1	5
5 of 5 defendants	total	4	1	5
South Carolina	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	5	5
6 of 7 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 1513(a)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	1	1
South Carolina	21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	1	1
6 of 7 defendants (cont'd)	total	10	1	11
South Dakota	8 U.S.C. 1324(a)	3	3
3 of 3 defendants	total	3	3
Tennessee, Eastern	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Tennessee, Middle	18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	1	1
2 of 6 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 2113(e)	1	1
total	2	1	3
Tennessee, Western	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	4	4
5 of 11 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	1	1
total	6	6
Texas, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	1	1
1 of 5 defendants	total	1	1
Texas, Northern	18 U.S.C. 844(i)	1	1
4 of 10 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1111	3	3
total	3	1	4
Texas, Southern	8 U.S.C. 1324(a)	3	3
5 of 5 defendants	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	2	2
total	7	7
Texas, Western	8 U.S.C. 1324(a)	1	1
4 of 8 defendants	18 U.S.C. 844(i)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	1	1
total	2	1	1	4
Utah	18 U.S.C. 1111	1	1
1 of 1 defendant	total	1	1
Vermont	18 U.S.C. 844(d)	1	1
1 of 1 defendant	total	1	1
Virgin Islands	8 U.S.C. 1324(a)	2	2
5 of 5 defendants	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	2	1	3
18 U.S.C. 1512(a)	2	2
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	1	1
total	6	2	8
Virginia, Eastern	18 U.S.C. 794	5	5
45 of 66 defendants	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	14	1	15
18 U.S.C. 930(c)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1111	18	18
18 U.S.C. 1201(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	1	1
18 U.S.C. 1959(a)	3	3
18 U.S.C. 2119(3)	1	1
Virginia, Eastern	21 U.S.C. 848(c)	1	1
45 of 66 defendants	21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	12	12
(continued)	total	5	51	2	58
Virginia, Western	18 U.S.C. 924(j)	1	1
2 of 6 defendants	18 U.S.C. 1958(a)	1	1
total	2	2
Washington, Eastern	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Washington, Western	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
West Virginia, Northern	21 U.S.C. 848(e)(1)(A)	2	5	1	8
8 of 11 defendants	total	2	5	1	8
West Virginia, Southern	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Wisconsin, Eastern	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Wisconsin, Western	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
Wyoming	n/a	0
0 of 0 defendants	total	0
TOTAL
494 of 682 defendants	107	301	200	17	625