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Union of Myanmar

Citizenship and Country Documents

US Government Reports Foreign Government Reports
  • UK Border Agency Country of Origin Information (COI) Report - Citizenship and Nationality - Feb. 2012
  • Canada Responses to Information Requests (RIRs)
    • MMR102503.E - The procedures and documents required to obtain a (Burmese) Myanmar passport and to obtain a seaman's identity card. Whether an individual who fled or deserted the military and was wanted by the military would be able to obtain a passport or a seaman's identity card. Whether individuals who fled or deserted the military are restricted from becoming seamen or obtaining a passport - May 2007
  • Austrailian Migration Review Tribunal - Refugee Review Tribunal
    • MMR35683 - December 2009
      1. Would persons of interest to authorities experience difficulties obtaining necessary documents to depart the country?
      2. Do returnees to Myanmar have their passports taken upon return so they cannot leave again?

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Children

US Government Reports
  • Department of Labor - Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor - 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016
  • Congressional Research Service (CRS)
    • Child Soldiers Prevention Act: Security Assistance Restrictions – Oct. 2023, Oct. 2022
Non-Government Organization Reports
  • Amnesty International
    • Child And Young Human Rights Defenders Leading Human Rights Change Submission To The UN Special Rapporteur On Human Rights Defenders - Nov. 2023
  • Human Rights Watch Profile
    • "All of My Body Was Pain" - Sexual Violence against Rohingya Women and Girls in Burma - Nov. 2017
    • Sold to be Soldiers – The Recruitment and Use of Child Soldiers in Burma - Oct. 2007
    • "My Gun Was As Tall As Me" - Child Soldiers in Burma - Oct. 2002
  • Child Soldiers International
    • Coalition to stop the use of Child Soldiers - Child Soldiers Global Report - 2004

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Corruption

Foreign Government Reports
  • Austrailian Migration Review Tribunal - Refugee Review Tribunal
    • MMR36666 - June 2010
      1. Please provide brief information on bribery/corruption, especially in relation to exit procedures.

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Disabilities

 

Elections

US Government Reports
  • Congressional Research Service (CRS) Report
    • Burma's April Parliamentary By-Elections -April 2012
    • U.S. Policy Towards Burma: Issues for the 112th Congress - Aug. 2011
Non-Government Organization Reports
  • Human Rights Watch
  • International Crisis Group
    • From Elections to Ceasefire in Myanmar’s Rakhine State – Dec. 2020
    • Myanmar's Post-Election Landscape - Mar. 2011

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Ethnic Groups / Race

US Government Reports
  • State Department Fact Sheet "Rape by the Burmese Military in Ethnic Regions" - Dec. 2002
  • USCIS - Resource Information Center Report - Information on Ethnic Minorities, Democracy Movement - June 2002
Foreign Government Reports
  • Austrailian Migration Review Tribunal - Refugee Review Tribunal
    • MMR36666 - June 2010
      1. Please provide general information on the situation of the Chinese ethnic minority in Burma.
Non-Government Organization Reports
  • Amnesty International
    • The repression of ethnic minority activists in Myanmar - Feb. 2010
  • Human Rights Watch Annual Report - Ethnic Conflicts and Forced Displacement - 2022
  • Human Rights Watch
    • "The Government Could Have Stopped This" Sectarian Violence and Ensuing Abuses in Burma's Arakan State - Aug. 2012
  • International Crisis Group
    • Identity Crisis: Ethnicity and Conflict in Myanmar – Aug. 2020
  • Minority Rights Group International - State of the World's Minorities and Indigenous Peoples - 2016
  • World Directory of Minorities - Myanmar/Burma

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Ethnic Groups / Race - Chin (Zomi)

Foreign Government Reports
  • UK Border Agency Country of Origin Information (COI) Report - Chin (Zomi) - Feb. 2012
  • Canada Responses to Information Requests (RIRs)
    • BUR41315.E - Update to BUR34203.E of 19 April 2000 on the treatment of supporters, including financial supporters, of the Chin National Front (CNF) (1999-present) - April 2003
Non-Government Organization Reports
  • World Directory of Minorities - Chin profile
  • Human Rights Watch Profiles
    • “We Are Like Forgotten People” – The Chin People of Burma: Unsafe in Burma, Unprotected in India - Jan. 2009

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Ethnic Groups / Race - Kachin (Jinghpaw)

Foreign Government Reports
  • Austrailian Migration Review Tribunal - Refugee Review Tribunal
    • MMR35433 - October 2009 
      1. Are the Kachin people ill-treated by the military generally and if they are, would this happen to middle class people living in Yangon?
      2. Please provide details of the Kachin National Organisation including its leaders.
Non-Government Organization Reports
  • World Directory of Minorities - Kachin profile
  • Human Rights Watch
    • "Untold Miseries" Wartime Abuses and Forced Displacement in Burma's Kachin State - March 2012

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Ethnic Groups / Race - Shan

Non-Government Organization Reports

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Ethnic Groups / Race - Karen and Karenni (Red Karen or Kayah)

 Non-Government Organization Reports

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Ethnic Groups / Race - Mon

Non-Government Organization Reports

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Ethnic Groups / Race - Rohingya

US Government Reports
  • USCIS - RIC Report
    • The Path Towards Justice: Accountability for International Crimes Against the Rohingya of Burma - March 2020
    • Information on Rohingya refugees - Dec. 1999
Foreign Government Reports
  • UK Border Agency Country of Origin Information (COI) Report - Rohingya - March 2019
Non-Government Organization Reports
  • World Directory of Minorities - Muslim and Rohingya profile
  • Amnesty International
    • The social atrocity: Meta and the right to remedy for the Rohingya - Sept. 2022
    • "My World Is Finished" - Rohingya Targeted in Crimes Against Humanity in Myanmar - Aug 2017
    • We are at our Breaking Point: Rohingya Persecuted in Myanmar, Neglected in Bangladesh - Dec. 2016
  • Human Rights Watch Annual Report - Crimes Against Humanity and Ethnic Cleansing of Rohingya - 2022
  • Human Rights Watch Profile
    • “An Open Prison without End” Myanmar’s Mass Detention of Rohingya in Rakhine State – Oct. 2020
    • “Bangladesh is Not My Country” Stateless Rohingya Refugees Expelled from Myanmar - August 2018
    • Massacre by the River - Burmese Army Crimes against Humanity in Tula Toli  - Dec. 2017
    • "All of My Body Was Pain" - Sexual Violence against Rohingya Women and Girls in Burma - Nov. 2017
    • "All You Can Do is Pray": Crimes Against Humanity and Ethnic Cleansing of Rohingya Muslims in Burma's Arakan State - April 2013
    • Perilous Plight: Burma's Rohingya Take to the Seas - May 2009
  • International Crisis Group
    • Bangladesh-Myanmar: The Danger of Forced Rohingya Repatriation - Nov. 2018
    • The Long Haul Ahead for Myanmar’s Rohingya Refugee Crisis - May 2018
    • Myanmar’s Rohingya Crisis Enters a Dangerous New Phase - Dec. 2017

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Ethnic Groups / Race - Moken

Non-Government Organization Reports
  • Human Rights Watch Profile
    • Stateless at Sea - The Moken of Burma and Thailand - June 2015

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Gender

Non-Government Organization Reports
  • Amnesty International
    • Myanmar:  Eleven-Point Human Rights Agenda – Myanmar’s New Government Must Champion Human Rights – Nov. 2020
  • Human Rights Watch
    • "All of My Body Was Pain" - Sexual Violence against Rohingya Women and Girls in Burma - Nov. 2017

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Human Rights

US Government Reports Foreign Government Reports
  • UK Border Agency Country of Origin Information (COI) Report - Human Rights - June 2011
  • Canada Responses to Information Requests (RIRs)
    • MMR102759.E - The reasons for and consequences of being expelled from university - Feb. 2008
    • BUR41681.E - Information on a three-day student riot near the University of Mandalay in February 2002 Research Directorate - June 2003
Non-Government Organization Reports
  • Amnesty International:  Death Sentences and Executions - 2021, 2020, 2018
  • Amnesty International Profile
    • Myanmar: Deadly Cargo: Exposing the supply chain that fuels war crimes in Myanmar - Nov. 2022 
    • Myanmar:  Eleven-Point Human Rights Agenda – Myanmar’s New Government Must Champion Human Rights – Nov. 2020
    • "I Will Not Surrender": The Criminalization of Human Rights Defenders and Achttps://freedomhouse.org/country/myanmar/freedom-world/2021tivist in Myanmar - April 2020
    • “Fleeing My Whole Life” Older People’s Experience of Conflict and Displacement in Myanmar – June 2019
    • Myanmar: "No one can protect us": War crimes and abuses in Myanmar's Rakhine State – May 2019
    • "All the Civilians Suffer" - Conflict, Displacement, and Abuse in Northern Myanmar - June 2017
  • Freedom House
  • Human Rights Watch - 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011
  • Human Rights Watch
    • “Nothing for Our Land” - Impact of Land Confiscation on Farmers in Myanmar - July 2018
    • "The Government Could Have Stopped This" - Aug. 2012
    • “I Want to Help My Own People” – State Control and Civil Society in Burma after Cyclone Nargis - April 2010
  • International Crisis Group
    • Myanmar: Storm Clouds on the Horizon - Nov. 2012

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Justice System

US Government Reports
  • Congressional Research Service (CRS) Report
    • Burma’s Political Prisoners and U.S. Policy – May 2020
Non-Government Organization Reports
  • Amnesty International
    • New Expression Meets Old Repression: Ending the Cycle of Political Arrests and Imprisonment in Myanmar - March 2016
  • Human Rights Watch
    • “The Farmer Becomes the Criminal”- Land Confiscation in Burma’s Karen State - Nov 2016
    • Dead Men Walking: Convict Porters on the Front Lines in Eastern Burma - July 2011
    • Burma’s Forgotten Prisoners – Sept. 2009

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Law

  • United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF)
    • Violating Rights – Enforcing the World’s Blasphemy Laws – Dec. 2020

Non-Government Organization Reports

  • Austrailian Migration Review Tribunal - Refugee Review Tribunal
    • MMR36874 - June 2010
      1. Can a copy of the Criminal Act of Myanmar (in English) be found online?
      2. What is the Registration of the Residents of the Union of Myanmar Act 6(2) and 6(3) 1949?
      3. Is there any information on what the process of changing a Foreigners Registration Card to a National Registration Card would be?

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Maps

Not Available

 

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Medical Availability

Not Available

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Political Figures and Parties

US Government Reports Foreign Government Reports
  • UK Country Policy and Information Note - Burma: Coup and protests - March 2021
  • Austrailian Migration Review Tribunal - Refugee Review Tribunal
    • MMR36666 - June 2010
      1. Please provide information on the structure and aims of the National League for Democracy (NLD).
      2. Please provide an update of the current situation of the NLD, especially in relation to the upcoming elections.
Non-Government Organization Reports
  • Human Rights Watch Profiles
    • Vote to Nowhere – The May 2008 Constitutional Referendum in Burma - May 2008
  • International Crisis Group

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Refugees / IDPs

Non-Government Organization Reports
  • Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
    • Severity of internal displacement Report - Nov. 2021
  • International Crisis Group
    • An Opening for Internally Displaced Person Returns in Northern Myanmar – May 2019
    • Myanmar's Stalled Transition - Aug. 2018

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Religion

US Government Reports Foreign Government Reports
  • Austrailian Migration Review Tribunal - Refugee Review Tribunal
    • MMR37399 - September 2010
      1. Are Christians, including Catholics, targeted in Burma?
      2. Please provide information on the kidnapping of people by the army who then force them into slave labour, especially those who are Christian, or of Indian and Anglo-Burmese descent.
Non-Government Organization Reports
  • Human Rights Watch Profile
    • "All You Can Do is Pray": Crimes Against Humanity and Ethnic Cleansing of Rohingya Muslims in Burma's Arakan State - April 2013
    • The Resistance of the Monks Buddhism and Activism in Burma - Sep. 2009
  • International Crisis Group 
    • Buddhism and State Power in Myanmar - Sept. 2017
    • A Silent Sangha? Buddhist Monks in Post-coup Myanmar - March 2023

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Sexual Orientation

Non-Government Organization Reports
  • Amnesty International
    • Myanmar:  Eleven-Point Human Rights Agenda – Myanmar’s New Government Must Champion Human Rights – Nov. 2020

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Specific Country Issues - Armed Conflict/ Coup

US Government Reports

  • Congressional Research Service (CRS)
    •  Coup in Burma (Myanmar): Issues for U.S. Policy – March 2021

Intergovernmental Organization Reports

  • European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA)

 Non-Government Organization Reports

  • Amnesty International Profile 
    • Myanmar: Deadly Cargo: Exposing the supply chain that fuels war crimes in Myanmar - Nov. 2022 
    • "All the Civilians Suffer" - Conflict, Displacement, and Abuse in Northern Myanmar - June 2017
  • International Crisis Group
    • Scam Centres and Ceasefires: China-Myanmar Ties Since the Coup - Mar. 2024
    • Myanmar: ASEAN needs to address its failing approach to the crisis in Myanmar following the military coup - April 2023
    • Crowfunding a War: The Money behind Myanamar's Resistance - December 2022
    • The Cost of the Coup: Myanmar Edges Toward State Collapse – Apr. 2021
    • Myanmar’s Military Struggles to Control the Virtual Battlefield – May 2021
    • Identity Crisis: Ethnicity and Conflict in Myanmar – Aug. 2020

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Specific Country Issues - Treatment of Returnees

International Government Organization Reports

  • UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) - UNHCR Position on Returns to Rakhine State, Myanmar - July 2012

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Speech / Press / Internet

Non-Government Organization Reports
  • Austrian Center for Country Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation (ACCORD)
    • Myanmar Update - COI Compilation - Nov. 2012
  • Freedom House
  • Human Rights Watch Profiles
    • Dashed Hopes: The Criminalization of Peaceful Expression in Myanmar - Jan. 2019
    • “They Can Arrest You at Any Time” The Criminalization of Peaceful Expression in Burma - June 2016
    • Reforming Telecommunications in Burma – Human Rights and Responsible Investment in Mobile and the Internet - May 2013
    • Crackdown – Repression of the 2007 Popular Protests in Burma - Dec. 2007
  • International Crisis Group
    • Q&A:  A Close-up View of Myanmar’s Leaderless Mass Protests – Feb. 2021

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Timeline

 

Trafficking

US Government Reports

Intergovernmental Organization Reports

  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime - Global Report on Trafficking in Persons - East Asia and the Pacific - 2016

Non-Government Organization Reports

  • Human Rights Watch Profiles - “Give Us a Baby and We’ll Let You Go” Trafficking of Kachin “Brides” from Myanmar to China – March 2019

 

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Updated March 27, 2024