1026

Fraudulent Production, Use, or Trafficking in Hardware or Software Used for Modification of Telecommunications Instruments—18 U.S.C. § 1029(a)(6)

This first statutory Subsection (a)(6) of 18 U.S.C. § 1029 became effective October 25, 1994, as part of the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act of 1994, Pub. L. No. 103-414, § 206, 108 Stat. 4279. As discussed above, Congress enacted this first statutory set of Subsections (a)(5) and (a)(6) of 18 U.S.C. § 1029 in response to a split between the Tenth and Ninth Circuits. [NOTE: For Federal jurisdiction, all 18 U.S.C. §  1029(a)(1)-(7) offenses must "affect interstate or foreign commerce."] Legislative History See Legislative History at Section 9-49.110 above. [cited in Criminal Resource Manual 1025; USAM 9-49.000]