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2280

Warrant of Arrest In Rem

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
DISTRICT OF

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
PLAINTIFF,

v. CIVIL NO.
ONE PARCEL OF PROPERTY
LOCATED AT:
WITH ALL
APPURTENANCES AND
IMPROVEMENTS THEREON,
DEFENDANT

WARRANT OF ARREST IN REM

To the United States Marshal for the __________ District of:

WHEREAS, a verified complaint of forfeiture has been filed on [2], in the United States District Court for the __________ District of __________, alleging that the real property and premises located at [3], with all appurtenances and improvements thereon, more specifically described in Exhibit A, attached hereto and fully incorporated herein by reference, [[4a] was used or intended to be used in any manner or part to commit or to facilitate the commission of a violation of Title II of the Controlled Substances Act, 21 U.S.C. §§ 801 et seq., punishable by more than one (1) year's imprisonment and is, therefore, subject to seizure and forfeiture to the United States pursuant to 21 U.S.C. § 881(a) (7).) [[4b] constitutes proceeds traceable to the exchange of controlled substances in violation of Title II of the Controlled Substances Act. 21 U.S.C. §§ 801 et seq.] and is, therefore, subject to seizure and forfeiture to the United States pursuant to 21 U.S.C. § 881(a) (6).

And, the Court being satisfied that based on the verified complaint of forfeiture there is probable cause to believe that the real property and premises so described was so used or intended for such use, and that grounds for application for issuance of a seizure warrant exist, title having vested in the United States by operation of law;

YOU ARE, THEREFORE, HEREBY COMMANDED to arrest and seize said property, entering said property far the purpose of determining the physical condition of the property at the time of the seizure, and to maintain custody of said property as provided by 19 U.S.C. § 1605 until further order of this Court respecting the same. The United States Marshals Service shall use its discretion and whatever means appropriate to protect and maintain said defendant property.

YOU ARE FURTHER COMMANDED TO POST upon said real property in an open and visible manner notice of such seizure at the time thereof, making the government's seizure open and notorious;

AND FURTHER TO SERVE upon the record owner thereof a copy of this warrant in a manner consistent with the principles of service of process of an action in rem under the Supplemental Rules For Certain Admiralty and Maritime Claims, Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, within a reasonable time of seizure;

The United States Marshal shall have at his discretion the authority to dispose of, by any means available, perishable, contaminated, flammable, explosive, or violable items. An inventory will be kept as to those items and the method of disposal.

[[5]All persons, animals, and property located within the premises and not subject to seizure pursuant to this Order shall be removed from the premises no later than __________. Such removal shall be accomplished making due provisions for the rights of innocent parties.]

AND UPON APPLICATION of the plaintiff, United States of America, and pursuant to the All Writs Act, 28 U.S.C. § 1651(a), the Court shall issue any order necessary to effectuate and prevent the frustration of the execution of this warrant;

[[6]FURTHER, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the occupants of said real property and premises described in Exhibit A, if there be any, upon execution of this seizure warrant, acknowledge in writing the seizure of said property and service of this warrant, [7] and quit the premises no later than ________[8].]

It is further ORDERED that the owners and occupants of the defendant property not make any changes or improvements whatsoever to said property without the written consent of the United States Marshal.

[[9]The United States Marshal, at his discretion, shall be accompanied by federal, state, or local law enforcement officers to assist him in the execution of this Warrant.s

A RETURN of this warrant shall be promptly made to the Court identifying the individuals upon whom copies were served and the manner employed, and a statement as to the satisfaction of the orders herein issued.

All persons claiming an interest in said property shall file their claims within ten (10) days after the execution of the Warrant or notice of this seizure, whichever occurs first, pursuant to Rule C of the Supplemental Rules for Certain Admiralty and Maritime Claims, and shall serve and file their answers within twenty (20) days after the filing of the claim with the Office of the Clerk, United States District Court, __________, __________, __________, with a copy thereof sent to Assistant United States Attorney ___________.

Additional procedures and regulations regarding this forfeiture action are found at 19 U.S.C. §§ 1602-1619, and Title 21, Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R.), Sections 1316.71-1316.81. All persons and entities who have an interest in the defendant property may, in addition to filing a claim or in lieu of the filing of a claim, submit a Petition for Remission or Mitigation of the forfeiture for a nonjudicial determination of this action pursuant to 28 C.F.R. Part 9.

Dated this __________ day of __________, 19 __________.

_____________________________
UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE

COMMENTS

Note that there is no "[ ]" to the right of the Civil Number on this form. Generally, this document is prepared and filed prior to this number being available.

This alternative warrant may be used in those districts where either policy or judicial decision requires an ex parte determination of probable cause before the issuance of a Rule C warrant for the arrest of real property. This warrant eliminates the need for a Writ of Entry For Inspection, Code: INSPECT.WRT, since it constitutes a court order authorizing the entry onto the property by the United States Marshal. It also eliminates the need for a motion for authorization for the appointment of a substitute custodian, since it specifically authorizes the United States Marshal to hire anyone necessary to assist him in the maintenance of the property.

[5 and 8][Optional) These provisions can be extremely controversial and the decision to evict should in all instances be reserved by the United States Attorney and the United States Marshal based upon judicial and public climate weighed against the best interest of the case.

[6] A signed acknowledgement will eliminate subsequent issues of notice and may be used in support of an order to vacate the property.

[8][Optional] to be used in conjunction with #5.

[9][Optional) This has been added in response to the U.S. v. Ladson, 774 F.2d 436 (11th Cir. 1985) and U.S. v. Showalter, 858 F.2d 149 (3d Cir. 1988), decisions and provides explicit authority for the United States Marshal to be assisted in the execution of the warrant when, for example, there is a potential for violence or where numerous tenants need to be interviewed.

"Posting" the property. In a few instances it may not be advisable to make the seizure open and notorious, e.g., when the building is occupied solely by innocent tenants.

Where the seized property is vacant, you may want to include this paragraph:

If the property seized is vacant, or becomes vacant, the United States Marshal, or any of his agents, shall, in addition to an inspection, secure the premises and inventory the contents of the premises to the extent the United States Marshal deems appropriate, and take such action as the United States Marshal or his agents deem necessary to protect the personal property of the owner or the former tenants of the property.

Where it is anticipated that occupants of the seized property will request to remove their non-forfeitable personal property, you bay want to include this paragraph:

When the seizure of the real estate property includes the contents, the occupants will be given the opportunity to remove from the location all of their personal belongings. A Deputy United States Marshal will accompany the occupants during the collection and packing of these belongings to ensure that only personal articles are removed from the location and to provide security for government agents and other seized assets. After the identification, collection, and removal of the personal belongings by the occupants, the occupants shall depart the location pursuant to the Order to Vacate.

Where it would be desirable to rent or lease the seized property during the pendency of the forfeiture action, you may want to include this paragraph:

The United States Marshals Service, or any of its authorized agents or designees, shall have at its discretion the authority to rent/lease any vacant seized properties. Continued vacancy may result in deterioration and a diminished value to said property. The rental or leasing shall help assure any claimants and the United States Marshals Service that the property's value and integrity shall be maintained in at least the same condition as existed at the time of seizure.

[cited in Criminal Resource Manual 2212]