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U.S. Department of Justice |
Table B1. Trends in Percentage of Past Year Drug Use, 2004-2008
Table B2. Admissions to Publicly Funded Treatment Facilities, by Primary Substance, 2003-2007
Table B3. Drugs Distribution in the United States, by DTOs and OCDETF Region
Table B4. Gangs with Significant Influence on U.S. Drug Markets
Table B5. Pseudoephedrine Scheduling by State
Table B1. Trends in Percentage of Past Year Drug Use, 2004-2008
| 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cocaine (any form) | |||||
| Individuals (12 and older) | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.1 |
| Adolescents (12-17) | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.2 |
| Adults (18-25) | 6.6 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.4 | 5.5 |
| Adults (26 and older) | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 |
| Crack | |||||
| Individuals (12 and older) | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 |
| Adolescents (12-17) | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Adults (18-25) | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.6 |
| Adults (26 and older) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 |
| Heroin | |||||
| Individuals (12 and older) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Adolescents (12-17) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Adults (18-25) | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Adults (26 and older) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Marijuana | |||||
| Individuals (12 and older) | 10.6 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 10.1 | 10.3 |
| Adolescents (12-17) | 14.5 | 13.3 | 13.2 | 12.5 | 13.0 |
| Adults (18-25) | 27.8 | 28.0 | 28.0 | 27.5 | 27.6 |
| Adults (26 and older) | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 7.0 |
| Methamphetamine | |||||
| Individuals (12 and older) | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Adolescents (12-17) | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Adults (18-25) | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 0.8 |
| Adults (26 and older) | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Prescription Narcotics | |||||
| Individuals (12 and older) | 4.7 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.8 |
| Adolescents (12-17) | 7.4 | 6.9 | 7.2 | 6.7 | 6.5 |
| Adults (18-25) | 11.9 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.1 | 12.0 |
| Adults (26 and older) | 3.0 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.3 |
| LSD | |||||
| Individuals (12 and older) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Adolescents (12-17) | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 |
| Adults (18-25) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.5 |
| Adults (26 and older) | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| MDMA | |||||
| Individuals (12 and older) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
| Adolescents (12-17) | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 |
| Adults (18-25) | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 3.9 |
| Adults (26 and older) | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| PCP | |||||
| Individuals (12 and older) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
| Adolescents (12-17) | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Adults (18-25) | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| Adults (26 and older) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | * |
Source: National survey on Drug Use and Health.
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
Table B2. Admissions to Publicly Funded Treatment Facilities, by Primary Substance, 2003-2007
| Drug | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cocaine | 254,687 | 249,478 | 266,420 | 262,720 | 234,772 |
| Heroin | 273,996 | 261,610 | 259,462 | 264,599 | 246,871 |
| Marijuana | 291,470 | 287,121 | 301,263 | 299,692 | 287,933 |
| Methamphetamine | 114,451 | 125,361 | 154,447 | 152,561 | 137,154 |
| Barbiturates | 1,337 | 1,303 | 1,380 | 1,046 | 1,013 |
| Other opiates/synthetics | 52,840 | 61,340 | 70,268 | 80,131 | 90,516 |
| Tranquilizers | 8,164 | 8,212 | 8,458 | 9,334 | 9,949 |
Source: Treatment Episode Data Set.
Table B3. Drugs Distribution in the United States, by DTOs and OCDETF Region
| OCDETF/DTO | Mexican | Asian | Colombian | Dominican | Cuban |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Florida/Caribbean | Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Marijuana MDMA |
Cocaine Heroin |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana |
| Great Lakes | Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana MDMA |
Cocaine Heroin |
Cocaine Heroin |
-- |
| Mid-Atlantic | Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Marijuana MDMA |
Cocaine Heroin |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana |
-- |
| New England | Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Marijuana MDMA Methamphetamine |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana |
-- |
| New York/New Jersey | Cocaine Heroin Marijuana MDMA Methamphetamine |
Heroin Marijuana MDMA |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana MDMA |
-- |
| Pacific | Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Marijuana MDMA Methamphetamine |
-- | -- | -- |
| Southeast | Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Marijuana MDMA |
-- | Cocaine Marijuana |
Marijuana |
| Southwest | Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Cocaine Marijuana MDMA Methamphetamine |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Cocaine | Cocaine Marijuana Methamphetamine |
| West Central | Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Marijuana MDMA |
-- | -- | -- |
Source: Federal, state, and local law enforcement reporting.
Table B4. Gangs with Significant Influence on U.S. Drug Markets
| Name | Primary Areas of Operation | Drugs Trafficked | Affiliations (DTOs) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 18th Street | Pacific Southwest |
Methamphetamine | Sinaloa Tijuana |
| Bandidos | Southwest Pacific |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Juárez |
| Barrio Azteca | Southwest | Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Juárez |
| Black Guerilla Family | Pacific Mid-Atlantic |
Cocaine Marijuana |
Sinaloa |
| Bloods | New England New York/New Jersey Southeast Southwest Pacific |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana MDMA |
Tijuana Sinaloa |
| Crips | New England Southeast Southwest Pacific |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana MDMA |
Juárez |
| Florencia 13 | Pacific Southwest Southeast |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Tijuana Sinaloa |
| Gangster Disciples | Great Lakes Pacific Southeast West Central |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana |
Sinaloa |
| Hells Angels | Pacific Southwest New England New York/New Jersey |
Cocaine Marijuana MDMA |
Sinaloa Tijuana |
| Hermanos de Pistoleros Latinos | Southwest | Cocaine Marijuana |
Gulf Coast Zetas |
| Latin Kings | Florida Great Lakes New England New York/New Jersey Mid-Atlantic Pacific Southeast Southwest West Central |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana MDMA |
Juárez Sinaloa Gulf Coast |
| Ñeta | Southeast Mid-Atlantic New England New York/New Jersey |
Cocaine Marijuana |
Unknown |
| Mara Salvatrucha | Mid-Atlantic New England New York/New Jersey Southeast Southwest West Central Pacific |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Sinaloa Gulf Coast Zetas |
| Mexican Mafia | Southwest Pacific |
Cocaine Marijuana |
Sinaloa Tijuana Zetas |
| Mexikanemi | Southwest | Cocaine Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Gulf Coast Zetas |
| Norteños | Pacific Southwest |
Cocaine Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Sinaloa Tijuana |
| Sureños | Pacific Southwest West Central Southeast Southeast |
Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Methamphetamine |
Sinaloa Tijuana |
| Tango Blast | Southwest | Cocaine Marijuana |
Gulf Coast Zetas |
| Texas Syndicate | Southwest | Cocaine Marijuana |
Gulf Coast Zetas |
| Tiny Rascal Gangsters | New England Pacific |
Marijuana MDMA |
Asian DTOs |
| Vagos | Pacific Southwest |
Cocaine Marijuana |
Tijuana |
Source: United States Department of Justice, Attorney General's Report to Congress on Growth of Violent Street Gangs, in Suburban Areas, April 2000; High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area reporting.
Table B5. Pseudoephedrine Scheduling by State
| State | Currently Schedules Pseudoephedrine |
Currently Has Point-of-Sale Restrictions |
Currently Has Pseudoephedrine Tracking Laws |
|---|---|---|---|
| AK | No | Quantity, Packaging | No |
| AL | No | Quantity, Packaging, Display/Offer | Yes |
| AR | Schedule V | Quantity, Packaging, Display/Offer | Yes |
| AZ | Schedule V | Quantity | In Legislature |
| CA | No | Quantity | No |
| CO | No | Packaging | No |
| CT | No | No | No |
| DC | No | No | No |
| DE | No | Quantity, Display/Offer | No |
| FL | No | Quantity, Display/Offer | Yes |
| GA | Exempt Schedule V | Quantity, Packaging | In Legislature |
| HI | No | Quantity, Packaging, Display/Offer | Yes |
| IA | Schedule V | Quantity, Display/Offer | Yes |
| ID | Schedule II | Display/Offer | No |
| IL | Schedule V | Quantity, Display/Offer | Yes |
| IN | No | Quantity, Display/Offer | In Legislature |
| KS | Schedule V | Quantity, Packaging, Display/Offer | Yes |
| KY | No | Quantity | Yes |
| LA | Schedule V | Quantity, Display/Offer | Yes |
| MA | No | No | No |
| MD | No | No | In Legislature |
| ME | Maine designates its four schedules of controlled substances as W, X, Y, and Z. Pseudoephedrine is classified as Z. | Quantity, Packaging, and Display | No |
| MI | No | Quantity, Display/Offer | Yes |
| MN | Schedule V | Quantity, Packaging, Display/Offer | Yes |
| MO | Schedule V | Quantity, Display/Offer | Yes |
| MS | No | Quantity, Display/Offer | Yes |
| MT | No | Quantity, Display/Offer | No |
| NC | Schedule VI1 | Quantity, Packaging, Display/Offer | Yes |
| ND | No | Quantity, Packaging, Display/Offer | Yes |
| NE | No | Quantity, Packaging, Display/Offer | No |
| NH | No | No | No |
| NJ | No | Quantity | No |
| NM | Schedule V | Quantity, Display/Offer | Yes |
| NV | Schedule III2 | No | No |
| NY | No | No | No |
| OH | No | Quantity, Display/Offer | Yes |
| OK | Schedule V | Quantity, Display/Offer | Yes |
| OR | Schedule III | No | No |
| PA | No | Quantity, Packaging, and Display | In Legislature |
| PR/USVI | No | No | No |
| RI | No | Quantity | Yes |
| SC | No | Quantity, Packaging, Display/Offer | Yes |
| SD | No | Quantity, Packaging, Display/Offer | No |
| TN | Schedule V | Quantity, Packaging, Display/Offer | Yes |
| TX | No | Quantity, Display/Offer | Yes |
| UT | No | Quantity, Display/Offer | Yes |
| VA | No | Quantity, Display/Offer | In Legislature |
| VT | No | Quantity, Packaging, Display/Offer | No |
| WA | Schedule II3 | Quantity, Packaging, Display/Offer | Yes |
| WI | Schedule V | Quantity | Yes |
| WV | Schedule V | Quantity, Display/Offer | Yes |
| WY | No | Quantity, Packaging, Display/Offer | No |
1. NC Code 90-94.
2. Excludes drug products approved under federal law for over-the-counter sale.
3. Excludes "any drug or compound containing Pseudoephedrine...that [is] prepared
for dispensing or over-the-counter distribution and [is] in compliance with the
Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and applicable regulations."
Unclassified
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