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Israel

US Government Reports

U.S. Department of State
CIA
US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)
  • Israel / Occupied Territories / Jordan: Return of a Palestinian to the Occupied Territories who has been in the U.S. since 1991; Ability of a non-Jordanian-citizen Palestinian man married to a Jordanian woman to obtain Jordanian citizenship - November 1999
  • Palestine/Occupied Territories: Information On Passports Issued By The Palestine National Authority - December 1998
Library of Congress
Library of Congress-Congressional Research Service (CRS)
  • U.S. Possible U.S.-Saudi Agreements and Normalization with Israel: Considerations for Congress - Aug. 2024
  • Hamas: Background, Current Status, and U.S. Policy - Aug. 2024
  • Israel and Hamas Conflict In Brief: Overview, U.S. Policy, and Options for Congress - Aug. 2024
  • Israel and Houthis in Yemen: Attacks Highlight Regional Conflict Risks - July 2024
  • Israel: Major Issues and U.S. Relations - July 2024
  • Hamas: Background, Current Status, and U.S. Policy - June 2024
  • Israel and Hamas: Possible International Criminal Court (ICC) Arrest Warrants - May 2024
  • U.S. Review of an Arms Sale to Israel: Issues for Congress - May 2024
  • Israel and Hamas Conflict In Brief: Overview, U.S. Policy, and Options for Congress - Apr. 2024, Feb. 2024
  • Escalation of the Israel-Iran Conflict - April 2024
  • The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA): Overview and the U.S. Funding Pause - Feb. 2024
  • The Palestinians: Overview, Aid, and U.S. Policy Issues - Jan. 2024
  • Israel and Hamas Conflict In Brief: Overview, U.S. Policy, and Options for Congress - Jan. 2024
  • Hamas: Background, Current Status, and U.S. Policy - Dec. 2023
  • Israel and Hamas 2023 Conflict In Brief: Overview, U.S. Policy, and Options for Congress - Nov. 2023
  • Assisting and Evacuating U.S. Citizens Abroad During the Israel-Hamas Conflict and Other International Crises - October 2023
  • Israel and Hamas October 2023 Conflict: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) - Oct. 2023
  • Israel: Major Issues and U.S. Relations - Sept. 2023,  Aug. 2023,  Apr. 2023,  Mar. 2023
  • The Middle East, North Africa, and Afghanistan: Selected Issues for the 118th Congress - Jan. 2023
  • Israel: Netanyahu’s Return to Power and New Coalition Partners - Jan. 2023 (PDF)
  • Israel: Background and U.S. Relations in Brief – Feb. 2023,  Feb. 2022, May 2021, Sept. 2020, May 2020, April 2019, July 2018
  • Lebanese Hezbollah - February 2021
  • The Palestinians: Overview, Aid, and U.S. Policy Issues - September 2021
  • United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) - August 2021
  • U.S. Foreign Aid to Israel - Mar. 2023, Feb. 2022, May 2018
  • Israel: New Prime Minister and U.S. Relations in Brief – June 2021
  • The Palestinians: Background and U.S. Relations –Oct 2021, March 2021, Nov. 2018, Oct. 2017
  • Israel’s Qualitative Military Edge and Possible U.S. Arms Sales to the United Arab Emirates - Oct. 2020
  • Israel’s Possible Annexation of West Bank Areas: Frequently Asked Questions – July 2020
  • Israel and the Palestinians: Chronology of a Two-State Solution – June 2020
  • Women in the Middle East and North Africa: Issues for Congress – Dec. 2021
  • The Palestinians: Overview and Key Issues for U.S. Policy – November 2021
  • ran and Israel: Tension Over Syria - June 2019
  • Arab League Boycott of Israel - August 2017
  • Zivotofsky v. Kerry: The Jerusalem Passport Case and Its Potential Implications for Congress’s Foreign Affairs Powers - Sept. 2015
Library of Congress - Law Library of Congress (LLOC)
  • Israel: Major Issues and U.S. Relations - July 2024
  • Israel and Hamas Conflict In Brief: Overview, U.S. Policy, and Options for Congress - Mar. 2024
  • Family Reunification Laws in Selected Jurisdictions - July 2014
US Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF)
  • Violating Rights – Enforcing the World’s Blasphemy Laws – Dec. 2020
  • Women and Religious Freedom: Synergies and Opportunities – July 2017
  • Respecting Rights? Measuring the World’s Blasphemy Laws – July 2017

 

Foreign Government Reports

Canada Responses to Information Requests (RIRs)
    • ISR104007.E - Israel: Israeli military cards and booklets, including issuing authority, renewal process, and the language in which they are written; whether documentation is issued to conscientious objectors and individuals who appear before a military tribunal – February 2012
    • ISR103692.E - Israel: Driver's licencse, including its format, process to obtain one, and circumstances in which it is revoked – February 2011
    • ZZZ103184.E - Palestine and Israel: Movement between Gaza and the West Bank; permits to exit Gaza; legal and other impediments to a resident of Gaza relocating to live in the West Bank - June 2009
    • ISR102751.E - Israel: Travel documents issued by the Israeli government to residents of the West Bank and Gaza; how they are issued and by whom; restrictions, including the length of time for which they are valid; whether problems are experienced with refusal of entry upon return – March 2008
    • ISR102749.E - Israel: Citizenship Law – March 2008
    • ISR100451.E - Israel: Documentation required and procedures to be followed by a parent wishing to travel abroad with a minor child in the absence, or without the consent, of the second parent – March 2006
    • ISR101013.E - Israel: Rights of Israeli citizens to obtain and renew passports, particularly if they have asked for refugee protection in another country; conditions under which a one-way travel document is issued to citizens who wish to return to Israel, and rights of the holder - January 2006
    • ZZZ41439.E - Israel/Palestine: Whether a child automatically gains Israeli citizenship when only one of his/her parents is an Israeli citizen; whether it matters that the parent who is an Israeli citizen is the mother, rather than the father; whether the other parent's nationality matters; whether the child's place of birth (i.e. occupied territories, specifically Hebron) matters; if the child does not gain citizenship automatically, the procedures that must be followed in order for him/her to obtain Israeli citizenship – April 2003

 

    • ISR100382.E - Israel: Treatment of Bedouin, including incidents of harassment, discrimination or attacks; state protection – July 2005

 

    • ISR103374.E - Israel: "Honor" killings, including response by government authorities; Arab and Israeli response – February 2010
    • ISR103373.E - Israel: Violence against women, including legal recourse, response by government authorities and services available to victims of violence – February 2010
    • ISR102750.E - Israel: Protection available to female victims of sexual harassment in the workplace, including legal mechanisms; whether there are any reports of police refusing to process complaints of sexual harassment from immigrant women who are from the former Soviet Union – February 2010
    • ISR102085.E - Israel: Reports of "honor" killings and response by government authorities – February 2007

 

    • ISR105088.E - Israel: Requirements and procedures for a victim of crime to file a complaint with the police, including obtaining a copy of the complaint and effectiveness; mechanisms available to file a complaint against the police, including effectiveness – March 2015
    • ISR103694.E - Israel: Avenues of recourse for filing complaints against the police; organizations that assist with filing complaints against police; effectiveness of filing such complaints - March 2011
    • ISR103376.E - Israel: Police protocol related to complaints made at police stations, including relevant records; whether a crime victim receives a copy of the complaint; procedures to obtain a copy of a complaint – March 2010
    • ISR103377.E - Israel: The presence and roles of Druze Arabs and Israeli Arabs in the Israeli police force – February 2010

 

    • ISR103980.E - Israel: The witness protection program, including the type of protection offered, the requirements and procedures to access the program, and the program's effectiveness – February 2012
    • ISR102749.E - Israel: Citizenship Law – March 2008

 

    • PSE200091.E - Palestine: Treatment of Palestinians collaborating or suspected of collaborating with Israel – Feb. 2020
    • ZZZ104077.FE - Lebanon and Israel: Treatment of Lebanese who cooperated with Israel during its occupation of Lebanon, including those who stayed in Lebanon after the withdrawal of Israeli troops and those who sought refuge in Israel and obtained Israeli citizenship - April 2012

 

    • ISR103545.E - Israel: The treatment of inter-ethnic or inter-faith couples and families (particularly of an Arab husband and a Jewish wife); protection and resources available – July 2010
    • ISR102542.E - Israel: Activities of anti-Zionist orthodox Jewish groups; including attitudes toward and treatment by authorities of members of anti-Zionist groups, specifically Lev Tohor - July 2007

 

    • ISR103693.E - Israel: Treatment of sexual minorities; state protection and services available – February 2011

 

    • ISR103379.E - Israel: The treatment of immigrant children from the former Soviet Union (FSU), including government response; whether there is an ombudsman for immigrant children from the FSU, including the associated complaints procedure – March 2010
    • ISR103378.E - Israel: The treatment of immigrants from the former Soviet Union; response of government authorities, including the Office of the Ombudsman; response of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) – March 2010
    • ISR102090.E - Israel: Reports of discrimination against immigrants from the former Soviet Union and response of government authorities and non-governmental organizations (NGOs); role of the Ombudsman's Office (2006) – March 2007
    • ISR102089.E - Israel: Reports of ill-treatment of immigrant children from the former Soviet Union; government response; current status of the Ombudsman for Russian Immigrant Children; complaint procedures – February 2007

 

    • ISR103340.E - Israel: Government efforts to identify and address abuses in the military; sanctions against soldiers and officiers; ethical code – March 2010
    • ISR103375.E - Israel: The treatment of conscientious objectors called up for reserve duty or military service – March 2010
    • ISR103108.E - Israel: Existence, role and composition of a military conscientious objection committee; number of decisions made by this committee – March 2009
    • ISR103098.E - Israel: Alternatives to military service and possibility of serving with modified duties (for example, without bearing arms or outside a particular area) – March 2009
    • ISR103097.E - Israel: Sanctions for and consequences of avoiding military service or refusing to bear arms or to follow orders from officers, including in battle zones; possibility for soldiers to sue officers for improper conduct or wrong-minded orders- March 2009
    • ISR103096.E - Israel: Call-up notice for military service; rules and mechanisms; consequences of delay to respond; extent to which failure to respond to a call-up notice is reported to government authorities – March 2009
    • ISR102541.E - Israel: The military obligations of Israelis over 35 years of age who have never completed military service because they were living abroad; their situation if they return to Israel at 30 years of age, 35 years, and 40 years; the situation of an immigrant from the former Soviet Union who completed military service in a former Soviet republic who is over 35 years of age; whether it is a policy of the Israeli government to inform ex-Soviet immigrants of the fact that Israel has compulsory military service before the ex-Soviet immigrants depart from their country of origin – July 2007
    • ISR102521.E - Israel: The procedure for Israeli citizens living overseas to be exempted from military service for medical or religious reasons; whether this procedure is undertaken orally or in writing; whether one can appeal the subsequent decision; whether this decision is given orally or in writing; whether an Israeli living abroad who did not complete his or her military service could be issued a new passport; whether a religious Israeli citizen living abroad who is no longer a yeshiva student can be granted an exemption for his or her religious beliefs or practices - July 2007
    • ISR102548.E  - Israel: Whether there has been an amendment to the military service law; if yes, whether the law is more open/flexible with respect to conscientious objectors; what the law states with respect to conscientious objectors – June 2007
    • ISR102087.E - Israel:  Draftees who are given a Profile 21 medical classification based on a medical condition that makes them unsuitable for military service are exempt from service in the Israel Defense Forces – February 2007
    • ISR43504.E - Israel: Locations and conditions of military prisons for persons who refuse to perform military service – April 2005
    • ISR43489.E - Israel: Update to ISR14594.E of 24 June 1993 on whether individuals from the former Soviet Union who immigrate to Israel are provided information on military service and reserve duty prior to, and upon, arrival – April 2005
    • ISR43491.E - Israel: Update on ISR36779 of 17 April 2001 on the treatment of conscientious objectors called up for reserve duty or military service – February 2005

 

    • ISR43490.E - Israel: Update to ISR14711 of 22 July 1993 and ISR41569.E of 10 June 2003 on the penalties for an individual who left the country for months or years beyond the time permitted by the military authorities, and possibilities of extension of date of return – April 2015
UK Home Office
  • Country Policy and Information Note Lebanon: Palestinians - Mar. 2024
  • Occupied Palestinian territories: freedom of movement, security and human rights situation – March 2020

 

International Government Organization Reports

European Union Agency for Asylum Palestine/West Bank - Situation of Christians in the West Bank, particularly in Bethlehem - Aug. 2023

 

Non-Government Organization Reports

Amnesty International
  • Amnesty International Annual Reports:
  • Israel and Occupied Palestinian Territories: Automated Apartheid: How facial recognition fragments, segregates and controls Palestinians in the OPT - May 2023
  • Israel and Occupied Palestinian Territories: ‘They were just kids’: Evidence of war crimes during Israel’s August 2022 Gaza offensive - Oct. 2022
  • Amnesty International Global Report:  Death Sentences and Executions – 2020, 2019
  • Elected but Restricted:  Shrinking Space for Palestinian Parliamentarians in Israel’s Knesset – Sept. 2019
  • Human Rights in the Middle East and North Africa: Review of 2019
  • Time to Address Impunity: Two years after the 2014 Gaza/Israel war - July 2016
  • ‘Strangling Necks’ Abductions, torture and summary killings of Palestinians by Hamas forces during the 2014 Gaza/Israel conflict – May 2015
  • ‘Nothing is Immune’ Israel’s destruction of landmark buildings in Gaza – December 2014
  • As Safe As Houses?  Israel’s Demolition of Palestinian Homes – June 2010
  • Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories. Under threat: the West Bank village of 'Aqaba – July 2008
  • Israel and the Occupied Territories:  Road to Nowhere – December 2006
BBC
Country Maps
Election Guide
Freedom House
Human Rights Watch
  • Trapped - How Male Guardianship Policies Restrict Women’s Travel and Mobility in the Middle East and North Africa - July 2023
  • A Threshold Crossed: Israeli Authorities and the Crimes of Apartheid and Persecution – April 2020
  • “Born Without Civil Rights” Israel’s Use of Draconian Military Orders to Repress Palestinians in the West Bank – Dec. 2019
  • Bankrolling Abuse:  Israeli Banks in West Bank Settlements – May 2018
  • Unwilling or Unable: Israeli Restrictions on Access to and from Gaza for Human Rights Workers – April 2017
  • Occupation, Inc.:  How Settlement Businesses Contribute to Israel’s Violations of Palestinian Rights – Jan 2016
  • Ripe for Abuse - Palestinian Child Labor in Israeli Agricultural Settlements in the West Bank - April 2015
  • A Raw Deal:  Abuse of Thai Workers in Israel’s Agricultural Sector – Jan. 2015
  • "Make Their Lives Miserable" Israel's Coercion of Eritrean and Sudanese Asylum Seekers to Leave Israel - September 2014
  • "Forget About Him, He's Not Here" Israel's Control of Palestinian Residency in the West Bank and Gaza - February 2012
  • No News is Good News:  Abuses against Journalists by Palestinian Security Forces - April 2011
  • Separate and Unequal:  Israel’s Discriminatory Treatment of Palestinians in the Occupied Palestinian Territories – Dec. 2010
  • “I Lost Everything” Israel's Unlawful Destruction of Property during Operation Cast Lead – May 2010
  • Turning a Blind Eye:  Impunity for Laws-of-War Violations during the Gaza War - April 2010
  • Rockets from Gaza: Harm to Civilians from Palestinian Armed Groups’ - Rocket Attacks - August 2009
  • White Flag Deaths: Killings of Palestinian Civilians during Operation Cast Lead - August 2009
  • Precisely Wrong:  Gaza Civilians Killed by Israeli Drone-Launched Missiles - June 2009
  • Rain of Fire: Israel's Unlawful Use of White Phosphorus in Gaza - March 2009
  • Civilians under Assault: Hezbollah’s Rocket Attacks on Israel in the 2006 War - August 2007
  • Indiscriminate Fire:  Palestinian Rocket Attacks on Israel and Israeli Artillery Shelling in the Gaza Strip – June 2007
  • A Question of Security: Violence against Palestinian Women and Girls - November 2006
  • Promoting Impunity: The Israeli Military’s Failure to Investigate Wrongdoing - June 2005
  • Razing Rafah: Mass Home Demolitions in the Gaza Strip - November 2004
  • Erased in a Moment: Suicide Bombing Attacks against Israeli Civilians - October 2002
  • Jenin: IDF Military Operations - May 2002
  • In A Dark Hour: The Use Of Civilians During IDF Arrest Operations - April 2002
  • Justice Undermined: Balancing Security and Human Rights in the Palestinian Justice System - November 2001
  • Second Class: Discrimination Against Palestinian Arab Children in Israel's Schools - September 2001
  • Center of the Storm: A Case Study of Human Rights Abuses in Hebron District - April 2001
  • Persona Non Grata: The Expulsion of Civilians from Israeli-Occupied Lebanon - July 1999
  • Without Status or Protection: Lebanese Detainees in Israel - October 1997
  • Human Rights Under the Palestinian Authority - September 1997
  • "Operation Grapes of Wrath" -- The Civilian Victims - September 1997
  • Legislating Impunity: The Draft Law to Halt Palestinian Tort Claims - July 1997
  • Israel's Closure of the West Bank and Gaza Strip - July 1996
  • Civilian Pawns: Laws of War Violations and the Use of Weapons on the Israel-Lebanon Border - May 1996
  • Torture and Ill Treatment: Israel's Interrogation of Palestinians from the Occupied Territories - June 1994
International Crisis Group
  • Stemming Israeli Settler Violence at Its Root - Sept. 2024
  • A Way Out for Gaza - Dec. 2023
  • UNRWA’s Reckoning: Preserving the UN Agency Serving Palestinian Refugees - Sept. 2023
  • Managing Palestine’s Looming Leadership Transition - Feb. 2023
  • Beyond Business as Usual in Israel-Palestine – Aug. 2021
  • Two Years, Four Elections: The Twists and Turns of Israel’s Political Deadlock – March 2021
  • Gaza’s New Coronavirus Fears – Sept. 2020
  • The Gaza Strip and COVID-19: Preparing for the Worst – April 2020
Minority Rights Group International
  • State of the World’s Minorities and Indigenous Peoples - 2016
NRC/IDMC
  • Ripple Effects: Exploring the environmental impact of Israeli settlements’ wastewater discharge - Mar. 2024
World Health Organization

 

Country Profiles

Amnesty International BBC
Freedom House Human Rights Watch

 

Updated September 6, 2024