Lead defendants in prolific human smuggling and money laundering network sentenced in Joint Task Force Alpha investigation

LAREDO, Texas - A Texas woman and her fiancé have been sentenced for their roles as leaders of a human smuggling organization that conspired to illegally transport, harbor and conceal from law enforcement hundreds of undocumented individuals in the United States and laundering the proceeds.

Erminia Serrano Piedra aka Irma or Boss Lady, 33, and Oscar Angel Monroy Alcibar aka Pelon, 41, pleaded guilty to conspiracy to transport and move illegal aliens, including placing the aliens’ lives in jeopardy, and conspiracy to launder money Jan. 4 and 9, 2024, respectively.

U.S. District Judge Lee H. Rosenthal ordered Monroy Alcibar to serve 135 months in federal prison to be immediately followed by three years of supervised release Jan. 15. The court sentenced Serrano Piedra Jan. 13 to 121 months in federal prison also immediately followed by three years of supervised release. Both will also be ordered to pay large money judgments as part of their pleas - $438,119 for Monroy Alcibar and $942,537 for Serrano Piedra.

The also entered orders of criminal forfeiture of two properties belonging to one or both that were purchased with the illicit proceeds of human smuggling, recently estimated to have the value of approximately $2.275 million and $515,000.

“The two defendants sentenced in this case were leaders of a human smuggling operation that endangered vulnerable migrants for profit,” said Attorney General Merrick B. Garland. “Since I directed the formation of Joint Task Force Alpha (JTFA) in 2021, the Justice Department has combatted the threats posed by dangerous human smuggling networks where they originate and operate. Since then, the Justice Department has made over 345 domestic and international arrests and secured 290 convictions.”

“Confining individuals, including minors, in coffin-like spaces with no room to move or breathe, reveals this organization’s complete disregard for human life,” said U.S. Attorney Alamdar S. Hamdani, U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of Texas. “Those who profit from such human suffering will face justice, and their ill-gotten gains will be stripped away to ensure that crime does not pay.”

“The defendants exploited vulnerable migrants by leading a scheme to unlawfully transport them across the U.S. border, using dangerous methods that risked the migrants’ lives in order to evade detection,” said Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General Brent S. Wible, head of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division. “Because of illegal operations like this one, more than three years ago we launched JTFA to combat the most prolific and harmful human smuggling organizations. The sentences and forfeitures announced today underscore the Criminal Division’s commitment to working with its JTFA partners to disrupt and dismantle smuggling networks that callously endanger human life for profit.”

“This sentencing sends a clear message that those involved in human smuggling will be identified and held accountable for their actions,” said Inspector General Joseph V. Cuffari Ph.D. of Department of Homeland Security - Office of Inspector General (DHS-OIG). “DHS-OIG is grateful for our continued partnership with our law enforcement partners as we continue to fight corruption along the Southern Border.”

According to court documents, Serrano Piedra and Monroy Alcibar were the leaders of the human smuggling organization. Those smuggled were citizens of Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia and elsewhere and they or their families paid members of the organization to help them travel illegally to and within the United States.

Serrano Piedra’s role included directing the organization’s operations, recruiting members, ordering payments to be made related to the organization’s operation and instructing members to be lookouts for law enforcement.

Monroy Alcibar coordinated the smuggling of undocumented individuals and movement of financial proceeds for the organization. Serrano Piedra, Monroy Alcibar and their co-conspirators derived substantial profits from the proceeds of this illicit activity.

The organization used drivers to pick up undocumented individuals near the U.S.-Mexico border and transport them further into the interior of the United States, often harboring them at stash houses along the way in locations such as Laredo and Austin. The organization’s drivers used various dangerous methods to transport undocumented individuals, including hiding them in suitcases placed in pickup trucks, cramming them in the back of tractor-trailers, covered beds of pickup trucks, repurposed water tankers and wooden crates strapped to flatbed trailers. The methods the organization used to transport undocumented individuals placed their lives in danger as they were frequently held in contained spaces with little ventilation, which became overheated and made it difficult to breathe, and they were driven at high speeds with no vehicle restraints in the back of trucks and tankers.

Members of this organization commonly referred to the undocumented individuals as “boxes,” “packages,” or “pieces.” Typically, the fee paid to the organization was approximately $8,000 with $3,000 paid up front to smugglers in Mexico and the remainder paid once the undocumented individuals entered the United States.

Further, these defendants haves admitted in court documents that they conspired to engage in financial transactions designed to conceal the nature, location, source, ownership and control of ill-gotten proceeds of illicit human smuggling and the unlawful harboring and transportation of undocumented individuals. The leaders recruited and utilized straw persons to accept human smuggling proceeds in the straw persons’ bank accounts and then transferred these proceeds to the leaders under the pretense of work payments. They also established incorporated businesses and opened business accounts in order to transfer the human smuggling proceeds.

In addition, the two leaders recruited individuals in the construction industry who accepted human smuggling proceeds in the form of cash in exchange for checks from the recruited individuals’ business bank accounts. Serrano Piedra and Monroy Alcibar have admitted in court documents they made significant money from their involvement in human smuggling. Moreover, Serrano Piedra admitted she was and she was going to continue doing this for a lifetime and was not planning to retire.

“Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) is at the forefront of combating human smuggling on a global scale,” said HSI San Antonio Special Agent in Charge Craig Larrabee. “This week, these two defendants were sentenced for their involvement in this heinous crime. Fighting transnational human smuggling remains one of our top priorities. Our special agents work tirelessly alongside international law enforcement partners and task forces to dismantle criminal networks that commoditize human lives. HSI will continue to utilize every available resource to bring those responsible to justice.”

Including Serrano Piedra and Monroy Alcibar, 14 co-conspirators have been sentenced for their various roles in the human smuggling organization, including some for laundering illicit proceeds. The sentences ranged up to 135 months with money judgments totaling over $2.3 million, forfeiture of interests in real property, including residences located in Bastrop and Elgin. One other co-conspirator still awaits sentencing.

HSI Laredo, along with Border Patrol and DHS-OIG led U.S. investigative efforts on the case. HSI offices in Austin, San Antonio, Waco and Corpus Christi; New Orleans, Louisiana; Gulfport, Mississippi; Mobile, Alabama; West Palm Beach, Florida; and HSI’s Human Smuggling Unit in Washington, D.C.; along with Customs and Border Protection’s National Targeting Center; U.S. Marshals Service; Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s Enforcement and Removal Operations ; Treasury Executive Office for Asset Forfeiture; Police Departments in Laredo, Killeen, Elgin and Round Rock as well as Wiggins, Missouri, and Bogalusa, Louisiana; Webb County Constable’s Office; Webb County District Attorney’s Office; Sheriff’s Offices in Webb, Bastrop and Caldwell County; Harrison, George and Stone County, Mississippi, and Mobile County, Alabama; Jefferson Parish and Washington Parish, Louisiana; Mississippi Bureau of Narcotics and Louisiana State Police provided substantial assistance in the investigation. 

Assistant U.S. Attorney and JTFA detailee Jennifer Day is prosecuting the case along with Human Rights and Special Prosecutions (HRSP) Section Trial Attorneys Christian Levesque and Angela Buckner, Money Laundering and Asset Recovery Section (MLARS) Trial Attorney and Deputy Director of JTFA Daria Andryushchenko and MLARS Financial Investigator Kelly O’Mara with substantial assistance from the Department of Justice’s Electronic Surveillance Unit of the Office of Enforcement Operations.

This and related convictions of co-conspirators are the result of the coordinated efforts of JTFA. Attorney General Merrick B. Garland established JTFA in June 2021 to marshal the investigative and prosecutorial resources of the Department of Justice, in partnership with DHS, to combat the rise in prolific and dangerous human smuggling and trafficking groups operating in Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras. The initiative was expanded to Colombia and Panama to combat human smuggling in the Darién in June 2024. JTFA comprises detailees from U.S. attorneys’ offices along the southwest border including the Southern District of California, districts of Arizona and New Mexico and the Western and Southern Districts of Texas. Dedicated support is provided by numerous components of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division, led by the Human Rights and Special Prosecutions HRSP Section, and supported by the Office of Prosecutorial Development, Assistance and Training; Narcotic and Dangerous Drug Section; MLARS; Office of Enforcement Operations; Office of International Affairs; and the Violent Crime and Racketeering Section. JTFA also relies on substantial law enforcement investment from DHS, FBI, Drug Enforcement Administration and other partners. To date, JTFA’s work has resulted in 34513 domestic and international arrests of leaders, organizers and significant facilitators of human smuggling; more than 29051 U.S. convictions; more than 240 defendants sentenced, including 186 significant jail sentences imposed; and forfeitures of substantial assets.